CAJ | 학술논문

以土壤饱和含水率为上限，以50％、60％、70％饱和含水率为控灌下限，对水稻全生育期生理生态变化及产量结构与常规灌（即淹水灌溉）进行了对比试验。结果表明：50％、60％两种控灌处理，水分利用效率较常规灌高，但产量相对较低；4种处理中只有70％控灌的产量最高，水分利用效率也最高，与常规灌相比增产2．6％、耗水量减少41．4％，效益十分显著，是节水高效的灌溉方式。在管理方面，水稻控制灌溉必须在水稻完全返青，即叶片顶部没有黄尖现象后方可实施，否则对水稻的茎蘖数有明显不利影响。水稻控制灌溉灌水时间除可实时监测预报外，还可根据灌水间隔或地表特征简易掌握，在没有降雨的情况下，70％控灌一般间隔4～6 d灌水一次。
이토양포화함수솔위상한，이50％、60％、70％포화함수솔위공관하한，대수도전생육기생리생태변화급산량결구여상규관（즉엄수관개）진행료대비시험。결과표명：50％、60％량충공관처리，수분이용효솔교상규관고，단산량상대교저；4충처리중지유70％공관적산량최고，수분이용효솔야최고，여상규관상비증산2．6％、모수량감소41．4％，효익십분현저，시절수고효적관개방식。재관리방면，수도공제관개필수재수도완전반청，즉협편정부몰유황첨현상후방가실시，부칙대수도적경얼수유명현불리영향。수도공제관개관수시간제가실시감측예보외，환가근거관수간격혹지표특정간역장악，재몰유강우적정황하，70％공관일반간격4～6 d관수일차。
A series of control irrigation tests on rice with control indicator of up-layer (0-40cm)soil moisture content at 50%,60%,and 70%(SMC)respectively together with flush irrigation were carried out and the contrast testing results show that the irrigation efficiencies of control irri-gation at water content of 50% and 60%(SMC)are higher than that of the flush irrigation but the grain yields are lower. However,both irrigation efficiency and grain yield reach the peak when the control proportion is set as 70%(SMC),and also the multifold benefits such as grain production increase,water saving and irrigation management works decrease can be achieved at the same time. The control irrigation can only be practiced after the transplanted seedling turn green completely,i. e. the yellow color at the end of the lamina fades away and the seedling begin reviving,in case the growth of the crop may suffer seriously. The time to carry out the control irrigation can be predicted according to the field monitoring results as well as the interval of irrigation and characters of the soil. Generally speaking,the rice needs one control irrigation (when MC of the up-layer soil reaches 70% SMC)every 4 to 6 days if no rain water is available,and the exact interval depends on the temperature level.