CAJ | 학술논문

G蛋白胆汁酸偶联受体5（TGR5），一个新的G蛋白偶联膜受体，已经在人和啮齿类动物的许多组织发现，尤其在胃肠道和免疫系统中广泛研究并发现它的许多特殊功能。在胆道系统，TGR5不仅能增加胆汁酸的容量，而且能促进胆结石形成，还可以通过刺激精氨酸血管加压素的分泌来保护肝脏对抗切变压力和胆汁酸过多，通过抑制炎症因子保护肝脏。进一步研究发现TGR5还具有调节肠道的运动功能；在免疫系统TGR5通过抑制脂多糖诱导的细胞因子的产生参与炎症调节；在调节能量平衡方面，TGR5的作用路径为胆汁酸-TGR5-环磷酸腺苷-2型碘甲状腺原氨酸二碘酶信号通路，它能定向促进代谢调控，同时能增加胰高血糖素-1的分泌，从而调节能量代谢和糖代谢；在肿瘤方面，发现TGR5激活可能具有双重作用。
G단백담즙산우련수체5（TGR5），일개신적G단백우련막수체，이경재인화교치류동물적허다조직발현，우기재위장도화면역계통중엄범연구병발현타적허다특수공능。재담도계통，TGR5불부능증가담즙산적용량，이차능촉진담결석형성，환가이통과자격정안산혈관가압소적분비래보호간장대항절변압력화담즙산과다，통과억제염증인자보호간장。진일보연구발현TGR5환구유조절장도적운동공능；재면역계통TGR5통과억제지다당유도적세포인자적산생삼여염증조절；재조절능량평형방면，TGR5적작용로경위담즙산-TGR5-배린산선감-2형전갑상선원안산이전매신호통로，타능정향촉진대사조공，동시능증가이고혈당소-1적분비，종이조절능량대사화당대사；재종류방면，발현TGR5격활가능구유쌍중작용。
TGR5 is a emerging plasma membrane-bound, G protein-coupled receptor for bile acids. TGR5 has been detected in many tissues in human and rodent, especially in gastrointestinal tract and immune system, at the same times its functions has been found. In biliary system, TGR5 can increase volume of bile acid and promote cholesterol gallstone formation, protect liver against shearforce of the blood and overload of bile acid by stimulating arginine vasopressin secretion, and protect the liver by inhibiting production of inflammatory factors. Further research discover that TGR5 regulates intestinal function. In immune system, TGR5 can participate inflammation regulation by suppression of production of cell factor induced by lipopolysaccharide. Its role in energy metabolism, through the activation of BAs/TGR5/cAMP/D2 pathway, TGR5 increased the production of Glucagon-like Peptides-1(GLP-1) in an enteroendocrine cell line STC-1, to regulation energy metabolism and sugar metabolism. In tumors, TGR5 activation may have a dual role.