农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2014年
2期
286-292
,共7页
张赟彬%王景文%李月霞%王一非%姜萍萍%刘笑宇
張赟彬%王景文%李月霞%王一非%薑萍萍%劉笑宇
장빈빈%왕경문%리월하%왕일비%강평평%류소우
膜%物理性质%机械性质%壳聚糖%薰衣草精油
膜%物理性質%機械性質%殼聚糖%薰衣草精油
막%물이성질%궤계성질%각취당%훈의초정유
films%physical properties%mechanical properties%chitosan%lavender essential oil
为改善现有壳聚糖基食品包装膜的机械性能和防水性能，该文使用浇铸-蒸发-碱浸法制备了添加薰衣草精油的壳聚糖基复合膜。采用红外光谱、X 射线衍射对膜进行了表征，并分析了薰衣草精油添加量对膜的厚度、机械性质、可挥发物质量分数、接触角、水溶性、溶胀性等性质的影响。结果表明：薰衣草精油成分占据了壳聚糖骨架中的部分官能团的位置，降低了壳聚糖分子中共价键的振动强度，同时膜中可以与水形成亲水键的自由 H基团减少，膜的含水量降低。薰衣草精油的添加，增大了膜中壳聚糖乙酸盐的含量。膜的厚度和薰衣草精油添加量并不成线性关系，所得膜的厚度范围为(20.60±0.34)～(23.35±0.65)μm。随着薰衣草精油添加量的增加，膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的变化趋势基本相同。当薰衣草精油添加量为8%时，拉伸强度和断裂伸长率都达到最大值，分别为(123.44±0.33) MPa和3.74%±0.02%。与壳聚糖膜相比，薰衣草精油/壳聚糖复合膜的的可挥发物质量分数较低，薰衣草精油添加量为2%时，可挥发物质量分数最低，为8.98%±0.05%。薰衣草精油的添加，增大了膜的溶解性，但膜在水中的溶解度均不大于(1.21±0.04) mg/100 g，属于难溶物质范畴。膜的接触角和溶胀指数都随薰衣草精油添加量的增加而减小，即当薰衣草精油添加量为10%时，膜的接触角和溶胀指数都达到最大值，分别为80.73°±0.32°和0.62±0.01。薰衣草精油的加入改善了由浇铸-蒸发-碱浸法制备的CS基复合膜的机械性质和物理性质。研究结果为薰衣草精油/壳聚糖复合膜的生产和应用提供了技术依据。
為改善現有殼聚糖基食品包裝膜的機械性能和防水性能，該文使用澆鑄-蒸髮-堿浸法製備瞭添加薰衣草精油的殼聚糖基複閤膜。採用紅外光譜、X 射線衍射對膜進行瞭錶徵，併分析瞭薰衣草精油添加量對膜的厚度、機械性質、可揮髮物質量分數、接觸角、水溶性、溶脹性等性質的影響。結果錶明：薰衣草精油成分佔據瞭殼聚糖骨架中的部分官能糰的位置，降低瞭殼聚糖分子中共價鍵的振動彊度，同時膜中可以與水形成親水鍵的自由 H基糰減少，膜的含水量降低。薰衣草精油的添加，增大瞭膜中殼聚糖乙痠鹽的含量。膜的厚度和薰衣草精油添加量併不成線性關繫，所得膜的厚度範圍為(20.60±0.34)～(23.35±0.65)μm。隨著薰衣草精油添加量的增加，膜的拉伸彊度和斷裂伸長率的變化趨勢基本相同。噹薰衣草精油添加量為8%時，拉伸彊度和斷裂伸長率都達到最大值，分彆為(123.44±0.33) MPa和3.74%±0.02%。與殼聚糖膜相比，薰衣草精油/殼聚糖複閤膜的的可揮髮物質量分數較低，薰衣草精油添加量為2%時，可揮髮物質量分數最低，為8.98%±0.05%。薰衣草精油的添加，增大瞭膜的溶解性，但膜在水中的溶解度均不大于(1.21±0.04) mg/100 g，屬于難溶物質範疇。膜的接觸角和溶脹指數都隨薰衣草精油添加量的增加而減小，即噹薰衣草精油添加量為10%時，膜的接觸角和溶脹指數都達到最大值，分彆為80.73°±0.32°和0.62±0.01。薰衣草精油的加入改善瞭由澆鑄-蒸髮-堿浸法製備的CS基複閤膜的機械性質和物理性質。研究結果為薰衣草精油/殼聚糖複閤膜的生產和應用提供瞭技術依據。
위개선현유각취당기식품포장막적궤계성능화방수성능，해문사용요주-증발-감침법제비료첨가훈의초정유적각취당기복합막。채용홍외광보、X 사선연사대막진행료표정，병분석료훈의초정유첨가량대막적후도、궤계성질、가휘발물질량분수、접촉각、수용성、용창성등성질적영향。결과표명：훈의초정유성분점거료각취당골가중적부분관능단적위치，강저료각취당분자중공개건적진동강도，동시막중가이여수형성친수건적자유 H기단감소，막적함수량강저。훈의초정유적첨가，증대료막중각취당을산염적함량。막적후도화훈의초정유첨가량병불성선성관계，소득막적후도범위위(20.60±0.34)～(23.35±0.65)μm。수착훈의초정유첨가량적증가，막적랍신강도화단렬신장솔적변화추세기본상동。당훈의초정유첨가량위8%시，랍신강도화단렬신장솔도체도최대치，분별위(123.44±0.33) MPa화3.74%±0.02%。여각취당막상비，훈의초정유/각취당복합막적적가휘발물질량분수교저，훈의초정유첨가량위2%시，가휘발물질량분수최저，위8.98%±0.05%。훈의초정유적첨가，증대료막적용해성，단막재수중적용해도균불대우(1.21±0.04) mg/100 g，속우난용물질범주。막적접촉각화용창지수도수훈의초정유첨가량적증가이감소，즉당훈의초정유첨가량위10%시，막적접촉각화용창지수도체도최대치，분별위80.73°±0.32°화0.62±0.01。훈의초정유적가입개선료유요주-증발-감침법제비적CS기복합막적궤계성질화물이성질。연구결과위훈의초정유/각취당복합막적생산화응용제공료기술의거。
Ecological and environmental issues caused by traditional plastic packaging materials, and increasing food safety awareness have resulted in alternative packaging materials. Chitosan (CS) is a potential biodegradable material due to its edibility, film-forming capacity, non-toxicity, antibacterial activity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Traditional chitosan-based composite films are made by the casting-evaporation method. However, inferior waterproof and mechanical properties limit their applications in food package industries. Many researches have been conducted to improve the CS film. Incorporating one or several substancesinto CS film have been widespreadly used. Moreover, acetic acid and chitosan-acetate can be removed from traditionally prepared CS film by alkali leaching, resulting in lower film water-solubility. Lavender essential oil (LEO) can be used as sedative, antispasmodic, antiviral and bacteriostat in industries of perfume, aromatherapy and pharmacy. LEO can also be used as a natural spice in drink, ice cream, candy, bakery and chewing gum. In order to improve the physical and mechanical properties of conventional chitosan-based food packaging films, lavender essential oil/chitosan composite films were made with CS by casting-evaporation-alkali leaching method in this study. The films microstructures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The impacts of LEO content on the thickness, mechanical properties, volatiles content, water contact angle, water solubility and swelling property of films were investigated. The results indicated that the partial functional group’s locations of CS matrix were occupied by the LEO ingredients with reduced vibration intensity of covalent bond of CS. Reduced free hydrogen group could form hydrophilic bonds with water, then resulted in the loss of moisture content of films. Moreover, Chitosan-acetate content increased by incorporating LEO. The thicknesses of all films ranged from (20.60±0.34) μm to (23.35±0.65) μm. There was no linear relationship between the film thickness and LEO concentration. Tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (E) behaved similarly when LEO was incorporated into the CS matrix. When the LEO content was 8%, broken tensile strength and elongation reached their maximum levels as (123.44±0.33) MPa and 3.74%±0.02%, respectively. The LEO/CS composite films had lower volatiles mass fraction compared with the CS film. The volatiles mass fraction decreased significantly and reached its minimum level as 8.98%±0.05%after incorporating of 2%of LEO into the CS film. The incorporation of LEO increased film water-solubilities . The films were classified as an insoluble matter due to their low water-solubilities, less than (1.21±0.04) mg/100 g. Water contact angle (WCA) and swelling index (SI) of films decreased with increasing LEO content. The minimum WCA and SI as 80.73°±0.32° and 0.62±0.01, were reached by CS-LEO (10%) film. The incorporation of LEO improved the physical and mechanical properties of chitosan-based composite films by casting-evaporation-alkali leaching method. As for physical or mechanical properties of the film, their optimal LEO contents were not identical. Therefore, the optimal LEO content needs to be verified with the field data. The CS-LEO (8%) film had the best mechanical properties, while CS-LEO (10%) film had the best waterproof properties. The cost of raw materials also need to be considered. It is expected that this study will assist in the production and application of LEO/CS composite films.
