CAJ | 학술논문

该文开展了利用鲆鲽鱼类养殖废水作热源、为养殖用水升温的海水源热泵设备试验研究。探讨了养殖废水温度和流量对热泵的制热性能、养殖用水升温和废水余热的回收效果的影响。结果表明，养殖废水温度和流量愈高，热泵的制热性能改善愈明显，当废水温度为8.0～9.0℃、流量为200～700 L/h时，热泵的制热性能系数（coefficient of performance，COP）为2.61～3.85，废水温度升至10.5～14.6℃时，在上述流量范围内，热泵的COP值达到3.19～5.12；另外，养殖废水温度愈高或流量愈低，海水源热泵对养殖用水的升温效果愈好。当养殖废水温度低于10℃时，将流量控制在400 L/h以下，海水源热泵可将7℃的养殖用水的温度提升至10.0～12.8℃，如果利用10.5～14.6℃的养殖废水作热源，流量达到700 L/h时，海水源热泵能将养殖用水的温度由7℃升至10.4～13.4℃，利用10℃以上的养殖废水作热源时，废水的最大降温幅度达9.2℃；此外，对比分析发现，利用10.5～14.6℃的养殖废水作热源时，海水源热泵对养殖用水的升温费用比燃煤（油、气）锅炉和电加热分别降低0.36、2.91、5.86和5.68元/t，每年比燃煤锅炉减排二氧化碳2.7～7.3 t。
해문개전료이용평접어류양식폐수작열원、위양식용수승온적해수원열빙설비시험연구。탐토료양식폐수온도화류량대열빙적제열성능、양식용수승온화폐수여열적회수효과적영향。결과표명，양식폐수온도화류량유고，열빙적제열성능개선유명현，당폐수온도위8.0～9.0℃、류량위200～700 L/h시，열빙적제열성능계수（coefficient of performance，COP）위2.61～3.85，폐수온도승지10.5～14.6℃시，재상술류량범위내，열빙적COP치체도3.19～5.12；령외，양식폐수온도유고혹류량유저，해수원열빙대양식용수적승온효과유호。당양식폐수온도저우10℃시，장류량공제재400 L/h이하，해수원열빙가장7℃적양식용수적온도제승지10.0～12.8℃，여과이용10.5～14.6℃적양식폐수작열원，류량체도700 L/h시，해수원열빙능장양식용수적온도유7℃승지10.4～13.4℃，이용10℃이상적양식폐수작열원시，폐수적최대강온폭도체9.2℃；차외，대비분석발현，이용10.5～14.6℃적양식폐수작열원시，해수원열빙대양식용수적승온비용비연매（유、기）과로화전가열분별강저0.36、2.91、5.86화5.68원/t，매년비연매과로감배이양화탄2.7～7.3 t。
A bench scale seawater source heat pump was developed, which consisting of a piston compressor and three plate heat exchangers (namely pre-heater, evaporator and condenser). The experiments were carried out on culturing water heating by the heat pump using wastewater as heat source in a lab flatfish culturing system. The performance, water heating and waste heat recovery effects of the heat pump were studied at different temperatures and flow rates of the heat source. The heating costs of culturing water by seawater source heat pump, coal (oil, gas) -fired boilers and electricity heating, etc were compared and analyzed as well. The results showed that it could obviously improve the performance of the heat pump by increasing the temperature and flow rate of the wastewater. When the temperature of wastewater was 8.0~9.0℃ and the flow rate was kept at 200~700 L/h, the coefficient of performance (COP) of seawater source heat pump was 2.61~3.85; while with wastewater temperature of 10.5~14.6℃and flow rate of 200~700 L/h, the COP value of the heat pump reached to 3.19~5.12. Additionally, the water heating and waste heat recovery effects of the heat pump were closely related to the temperature and flow rate of wastewater. With relatively higher temperature and lower flow rate of wastewater as the heat source, the temperature increment of culturing water from the heat pump would increase correspondingly. Concerning the desirable water temperature (10~15℃) for flatfish culturing, the temperature of culturing water from the heat pump could rise from 7℃ to 10.0~12.8℃ if the temperature of wastewater was below 10℃ and the flow rate was under 400 L/h. Comparatively, the temperature of culturing water from the heat pump could reach to 10.4~13.4℃ by employing wastewater of 10.5~14.6℃with 700 L/h flow rate as the heat source of heat pump. Meanwhile, maximum temperature drop of wastewater from the heat pump was 9.2℃ when the temperature of wastewater was above 10℃. Further more, with wastewater of 10.5~14.6℃ as the heat source, the heating cost of culturing water from 7℃ to 10~15℃ by heat pump was 0.36, 2.91, 5.86 and 5.68 Yuan/t, which less than that of heating by coal (oil, gas)-fired boilers and electricity, respectively. Meanwhile, the heating of culturing water by heat pump from 7℃ to 10~15℃ can also decrease CO2emission of about 2.7~7.3 t annually than coal-fired boiler.