CAJ | 학술논문

地下滴灌技术是最为节水的灌溉技术，为了推进地下滴灌技术在紫花苜蓿生产中的应用，2012年在甘肃武威开展了大田试验，通过对建植当年第2茬苜蓿不同生育期设置不同的亏水处理，研究了地下滴灌条件下调亏灌溉对紫花苜蓿耗水、产量和品质的影响。结果表明：随亏水程度的加重，紫花苜蓿的产量降低，耗水量减少，水分利用效率（WUE）提高，干重茎叶比降低，粗蛋白含量提高，粗蛋白产量降低；全生育期调亏，生育期间的耗水强度呈现现蕾期>分枝期>分枝前期的规律，并且随着亏水程度的增加，规律愈加明显；分枝期调亏的紫花苜蓿，在现蕾期复水后耗水强度有明显的补偿效应；与现蕾期调亏相比，分枝前期和分枝期调亏有利于降低茎叶比，提高粗蛋白质量分数和粗蛋白产量。该研究揭示了地下滴灌条件下不同调亏处理对紫花苜蓿耗水、产量和品质的影响，为干旱地区优质、高产、节水苜蓿的生产提供了试验依据。
지하적관기술시최위절수적관개기술，위료추진지하적관기술재자화목숙생산중적응용，2012년재감숙무위개전료대전시험，통과대건식당년제2치목숙불동생육기설치불동적우수처리，연구료지하적관조건하조우관개대자화목숙모수、산량화품질적영향。결과표명：수우수정도적가중，자화목숙적산량강저，모수량감소，수분이용효솔（WUE）제고，간중경협비강저，조단백함량제고，조단백산량강저；전생육기조우，생육기간적모수강도정현현뢰기>분지기>분지전기적규률，병차수착우수정도적증가，규률유가명현；분지기조우적자화목숙，재현뢰기복수후모수강도유명현적보상효응；여현뢰기조우상비，분지전기화분지기조우유리우강저경협비，제고조단백질량분수화조단백산량。해연구게시료지하적관조건하불동조우처리대자화목숙모수、산량화품질적영향，위간한지구우질、고산、절수목숙적생산제공료시험의거。
Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) and regulated deficit irrigation(RDI)are two of the most water-saving irrigation technologies nowadays. In order to study effects of regulated deficit irrigation on forage water consumption, hay yield and quality of alfalfa under subsurface drip irrigation, a field experiment was carried out in 2012 at Shiyang River Drainage Basin, northwest of China. Alfalfa used for the experiment is the second cutting of the establishment year, and the cutting is separated into 3 periods, including pre-branching period, branching period and squaring period. There are seven irrigation treatments in the experiment design. Four of the seven treatments are regulated in whole growth period, lower irrigation limits respectively 70% FC (field capacity)、60%FC (field capacity)、50%FC (field capacity)、40%FC (field capacity), and three are regulated in different growth periods, lower irrigation limits of pre-branching period, branching period and squaring period of different treatment respectively (50%, 50%, 70%)FC, (60%, 60%, 70%)FC, (70%, 70%, 50%)FC. When the soil water content arrives to the designed lower irrigation limit, each plot starts to irrigate. Irrigation amount is 20mm every time. According to these treatments, the effect on water consumption, hay yield and quality of alfalfa of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) under subsurface drip irrigation(SDI) are studied. The results show with the deterioration of the water deficit degree, alfalfa yield, water consumption, stem/leaf ratio and yield of crude protein (CP) decrease while WUE (water use efficiency) and content of the crude protein (CP) increase, and 60%FC is a critical value. When the lower irrigation limits are higher than 60%FC, hay yield of alfalfa decrease non-significantly, however, when lower than 60%FC, hay yield decrease significantly. While RDI (regulated deficit irrigation) is taken in the whole growth period, squaring period>branching period>pre-branching period appears in water consumption rate during different periods of alfalfa. And this law is more and more significant with the increasing of the water deficit degree. When RDI (regulated deficit irrigation) is taken in branching period, water consumption rate of alfalfa have apparent compensation effect after sufficient irrigation in squaring period. Compared with regulating deficit in squaring period, taking RDI (regulated deficit irrigation) in pre-branching and branching period is more conducive to improve alfalfa quality by reducing stem/leaf ratio and improving content of crude protein (CP) and yield of crude protein. When lower irrigation limits of pre-branching period, branching period and squaring period are 60%FC, 60%FC and 70%FC respectively, alfalfa has the highest crude protein yield (846.11kg/hm2). This study reveals the effects of RDI on water consumption, yield and quality of alfalfa under SDI and provides an experimental base of high quality, high yield and water saving in alfalfa industry in arid areas.