气象与减灾研究
氣象與減災研究
기상여감재연구
METEOROLOGY AND DISASTER REDUCTION RESEARCH
2013年
3期
18-24
,共7页
鄱阳湖流域%气候变化%突变%趋势
鄱暘湖流域%氣候變化%突變%趨勢
파양호류역%기후변화%돌변%추세
Poyang lake basin%Climate change facts%Mutation testing%Trends
基于江西79个气象站1961-2010年逐日气温和降水观测资料,采用滑动t检验和Mann-kendell法对鄱阳湖流域年平均气温进行突变检验分析,利用线性回归方法分别对鄱阳湖流域气温、降水量、降水日数、降水强度等要素的变化趋势进行了分析。结果表明:(1)1961-2010年鄱阳湖流域年平均气温为18.0℃,升温趋势明显,升温率达0.16℃/(10 a),在1996年出现显著突变。冬季升温趋势最明显,夏季气温虽呈上升趋势,但不显著。(2)流域平均年降水量为1643 mm,呈略增多趋势。20世纪60-80年代和21世纪00年代降水量偏少,90年代降水量相对偏多。最大年降水量出现在1975年,为2149.6 mm;最小年降水量出现在1963年,为1111.6 mm。(3)流域年降水日数总体呈现下降趋势,下降率约为6.9 d/(10 a)。其中,小雨日数下降最为显著,下降率约为7.1 d/(10 a);中雨日数呈略下降趋势;大雨和暴雨日数呈现略增加趋势。(4)流域年降水强度总体呈现上升趋势,每10 a上升约0.52 mm/d,说明流域降水集中度增大,强降水事件增多。
基于江西79箇氣象站1961-2010年逐日氣溫和降水觀測資料,採用滑動t檢驗和Mann-kendell法對鄱暘湖流域年平均氣溫進行突變檢驗分析,利用線性迴歸方法分彆對鄱暘湖流域氣溫、降水量、降水日數、降水彊度等要素的變化趨勢進行瞭分析。結果錶明:(1)1961-2010年鄱暘湖流域年平均氣溫為18.0℃,升溫趨勢明顯,升溫率達0.16℃/(10 a),在1996年齣現顯著突變。鼕季升溫趨勢最明顯,夏季氣溫雖呈上升趨勢,但不顯著。(2)流域平均年降水量為1643 mm,呈略增多趨勢。20世紀60-80年代和21世紀00年代降水量偏少,90年代降水量相對偏多。最大年降水量齣現在1975年,為2149.6 mm;最小年降水量齣現在1963年,為1111.6 mm。(3)流域年降水日數總體呈現下降趨勢,下降率約為6.9 d/(10 a)。其中,小雨日數下降最為顯著,下降率約為7.1 d/(10 a);中雨日數呈略下降趨勢;大雨和暴雨日數呈現略增加趨勢。(4)流域年降水彊度總體呈現上升趨勢,每10 a上升約0.52 mm/d,說明流域降水集中度增大,彊降水事件增多。
기우강서79개기상참1961-2010년축일기온화강수관측자료,채용활동t검험화Mann-kendell법대파양호류역년평균기온진행돌변검험분석,이용선성회귀방법분별대파양호류역기온、강수량、강수일수、강수강도등요소적변화추세진행료분석。결과표명:(1)1961-2010년파양호류역년평균기온위18.0℃,승온추세명현,승온솔체0.16℃/(10 a),재1996년출현현저돌변。동계승온추세최명현,하계기온수정상승추세,단불현저。(2)류역평균년강수량위1643 mm,정략증다추세。20세기60-80년대화21세기00년대강수량편소,90년대강수량상대편다。최대년강수량출현재1975년,위2149.6 mm;최소년강수량출현재1963년,위1111.6 mm。(3)류역년강수일수총체정현하강추세,하강솔약위6.9 d/(10 a)。기중,소우일수하강최위현저,하강솔약위7.1 d/(10 a);중우일수정략하강추세;대우화폭우일수정현략증가추세。(4)류역년강수강도총체정현상승추세,매10 a상승약0.52 mm/d,설명류역강수집중도증대,강강수사건증다。
Based on 1961-2010 daily temperature and precipitation observed data of the 79 weather stations around Poyang Lake basin, Mann-Kendell and moving t-test methods are used to test the mutation of annual average temperature, and the method of linear regression is employed to analyze the change tendencies of the air temperature, precipitation, rainy days and precipitation intensity. The results show: (1) The annual average temperature was 18.0 ℃, which presented an increasing tendency during 1961-2010, with the warming rate of 0.16 ℃/(10 a). The most obvious increasing tendency occurred in winter. (2) The annual average precipitation was 1 643 mm, with a slight rising trend around the basin. Less precipitation occurred in 1960-1980 and in 2000s, while more precipitation happened in 1990s. The maximum annual precipitation was 2 149.6 mm, which occurred in 1975;and the minimum annual precipitation was 1 111.6 mm, which occurred in 1963. (3) The annual rainy days presented a decreasing trend with 6.9 d/(10 a) decreasing rate. (4) The annual precipitation intensity presented an increasing trend, with the rising rate of 0.52 mm/d per decade, which meant that heavy precipitation events presented an increase tendency in this region.