CAJ | 학술논문

布鲁菌病是一类由各型布鲁菌感染而引起的重要的人畜共患病之一。被感染的动物最常见的临床表现为流产、胎盘炎、附睾炎、睾丸炎等。人感染布鲁菌病后，多呈慢性经过，可损害人体多种器官。虽然病原学鉴定是一种常规有效的诊断布鲁菌病的方法之一，但由于其对操作人员安全以及实验室级别的要求非常严格，加之从患病动物体内分离病原体的过程既耗时又具有危险性，在布鲁菌病临床诊断实践中推广应用困难。布鲁菌病血清学诊断方法显示出较高的特异性和敏感性，但难以鉴别布鲁菌各型野毒株以及疫苗株感染。鉴于上述问题，深入开发和研制更高特异性、敏感性和稳定性的新型布鲁菌病诊断方法在兽医临床实践中势在必行。主要从细菌学、血清学和分子生物学等方面对布鲁菌病诊断方法研究情况进行了综述，以期为相关研究提供参考。
포로균병시일류유각형포로균감염이인기적중요적인축공환병지일。피감염적동물최상견적림상표현위유산、태반염、부고염、고환염등。인감염포로균병후，다정만성경과，가손해인체다충기관。수연병원학감정시일충상규유효적진단포로균병적방법지일，단유우기대조작인원안전이급실험실급별적요구비상엄격，가지종환병동물체내분리병원체적과정기모시우구유위험성，재포로균병림상진단실천중추엄응용곤난。포로균병혈청학진단방법현시출교고적특이성화민감성，단난이감별포로균각형야독주이급역묘주감염。감우상술문제，심입개발화연제경고특이성、민감성화은정성적신형포로균병진단방법재수의림상실천중세재필행。주요종세균학、혈청학화분자생물학등방면대포로균병진단방법연구정황진행료종술，이기위상관연구제공삼고。
Brucellosis was one of the important zoonosis caused by different kinds of Brucella spp. The most common clinical manifestations of the infected animals were abortion,placentitis,epididymitis and orchitis. In human being,brucellosis was a debilitating and chronic disease,which could injure a variety of organs. Although etiology identification was a conventional and effective diagnosis method,but it was strict with personal safety and requirements of laboratory. The process of isolating pathogen from infected animal was time-consuming and hazardous,so it was difficult to be popularized in the clinical diagnosis of brucellosis. The serological diagnosis method showed good specificity and sensibility,but it was hard to identify various wild strains and the infection of vaccine strain. In view of the above factors,it was necessary to in-depth develop new diagnosis method of brucellosis with better specificity, sensibility and stability in the veterinary clinical practice. The diagnosis methods of brucellosis were reviewed from the bacteriological,serological and molecular biology aspects, so as to provide references for the related studies.