CAJ | 학술논문

结核病是一种严重危害人类健康的重大传染病，由于BCG预防效果不佳，研制新型结核病疫苗迫在眉睫。研究开发新型结核病疫苗应根据机体抗结核杆菌感染的免疫应答特点、结合BCG的不足来开展。新型结核病疫苗主要分为三类：重组BCG或重组结核菌；重组痘病毒或重组腺病毒载体疫苗；蛋白抗原亚单位或重组融合蛋白抗原亚单位疫苗。由于蛋白亚单位疫苗可以不受机体已被分枝杆菌刺激的影响，能特异性地诱导CD4＋Th1细胞和CD8＋细胞毒性T细胞活化，并且使用安全性好，而备受研究者的青睐。目前主要是以BCG或重组BCG初次免疫，然后选择亚单位疫苗加强免疫作为结核病疫苗序贯免疫策略。然而，单个蛋白制成亚单位疫苗，其免疫效果有限，因此将多个具有保护效果的抗原或多肽表达成融合蛋白，联合适当的佐剂，制成融合蛋白亚单位疫苗。目前，已有一些融合蛋白亚单位疫苗进入临床试验阶段，更多的融合蛋白正处于研究阶段。
결핵병시일충엄중위해인류건강적중대전염병，유우BCG예방효과불가，연제신형결핵병역묘박재미첩。연구개발신형결핵병역묘응근거궤체항결핵간균감염적면역응답특점、결합BCG적불족래개전。신형결핵병역묘주요분위삼류：중조BCG혹중조결핵균；중조두병독혹중조선병독재체역묘；단백항원아단위혹중조융합단백항원아단위역묘。유우단백아단위역묘가이불수궤체이피분지간균자격적영향，능특이성지유도CD4＋Th1세포화CD8＋세포독성T세포활화，병차사용안전성호，이비수연구자적청래。목전주요시이BCG혹중조BCG초차면역，연후선택아단위역묘가강면역작위결핵병역묘서관면역책략。연이，단개단백제성아단위역묘，기면역효과유한，인차장다개구유보호효과적항원혹다태표체성융합단백，연합괄당적좌제，제성융합단백아단위역묘。목전，이유일사융합단백아단위역묘진입림상시험계단，경다적융합단백정처우연구계단。
Due to the poor effect of BCG , tuberculosis remains a leading infectious disease , it is a very urgent need to de-veloping a new tuberculosis (TB) vaccine.The research and development of new TB vaccines should be based on the char -acteristics of the body's immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and help to overcoming the short-coming of BCG.New TB vaccines include the recombinant BCG or attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis, vaccinia virus or recombinant adenovirus used as carriers in the recombinant vaccines ,and the protein antigen or recombinant protein subunit vaccines .It is the protein subunit vaccine which can not be affected in the individual that has been stimulated by the myco -bacteria , so the specifically activation of CD 4+Th1 cells and CD8+CTL cells can be induced ,as well as good safety in use , thus this type of vaccine is widely focused by researchers .Current strategy for the vaccination is priming with BCG or re-combinant BCG followed by boosting with a subunit vaccine .However, the immune effect from a single protein subunit vac-cine is limited, so a fusion protein subunit vaccine with multiple protective antigens or peptides and accompanied by a suit -able adjuvant is developed .At present, some fusion protein subunit vaccines have been applied in clinical trials , and many are under research stage .