工程塑料应用
工程塑料應用
공정소료응용
ENGINEERING PLASTICS APPLICATION
2014年
1期
1-6
,共6页
改性淀粉%高吸水树脂%苦参总碱%抑菌性
改性澱粉%高吸水樹脂%苦參總堿%抑菌性
개성정분%고흡수수지%고삼총감%억균성
modified starch%super absorbent polymer%total alkaloids%antibacterial activity
采用水溶液聚合法，以改性淀粉和丙烯酸为原料，过硫酸钾为引发剂，N，N＇-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂，接枝共聚制备改性淀粉系高吸水树脂，并对其进行表面改性制备了具有抑菌性能的高吸水树脂。通过单因素试验和正交试验探究了改性淀粉种类、丙烯酸溶液的中和度、反应温度、引发剂和交联剂用量等因素对树脂吸水性能的影响；探讨了表面改性过程中苦参总碱添加量与抑菌效果间的关系。结果表明，以交联B3淀粉为原料，当淀粉用量为丙烯酸质量的15%，糊化温度为75℃，糊化时间为20 min，丙烯酸溶液的中和度为75%，引发剂用量为丙烯酸质量的0.3%，交联剂用量为丙烯酸质量的0.02%，70℃条件下反应4 h时，可制备吸水性能较好的高吸水树脂；当苦参总碱用量达到25.7 mg/g时即可使树脂在自然环境下具有较好的抑菌效果。最终制备的抑菌型改性淀粉系高吸水树脂的吸水倍率为715 g/g，接枝率为90%，在60℃条件下8 h的保水率约为7%。
採用水溶液聚閤法，以改性澱粉和丙烯痠為原料，過硫痠鉀為引髮劑，N，N＇-亞甲基雙丙烯酰胺為交聯劑，接枝共聚製備改性澱粉繫高吸水樹脂，併對其進行錶麵改性製備瞭具有抑菌性能的高吸水樹脂。通過單因素試驗和正交試驗探究瞭改性澱粉種類、丙烯痠溶液的中和度、反應溫度、引髮劑和交聯劑用量等因素對樹脂吸水性能的影響；探討瞭錶麵改性過程中苦參總堿添加量與抑菌效果間的關繫。結果錶明，以交聯B3澱粉為原料，噹澱粉用量為丙烯痠質量的15%，糊化溫度為75℃，糊化時間為20 min，丙烯痠溶液的中和度為75%，引髮劑用量為丙烯痠質量的0.3%，交聯劑用量為丙烯痠質量的0.02%，70℃條件下反應4 h時，可製備吸水性能較好的高吸水樹脂；噹苦參總堿用量達到25.7 mg/g時即可使樹脂在自然環境下具有較好的抑菌效果。最終製備的抑菌型改性澱粉繫高吸水樹脂的吸水倍率為715 g/g，接枝率為90%，在60℃條件下8 h的保水率約為7%。
채용수용액취합법，이개성정분화병희산위원료，과류산갑위인발제，N，N＇-아갑기쌍병희선알위교련제，접지공취제비개성정분계고흡수수지，병대기진행표면개성제비료구유억균성능적고흡수수지。통과단인소시험화정교시험탐구료개성정분충류、병희산용액적중화도、반응온도、인발제화교련제용량등인소대수지흡수성능적영향；탐토료표면개성과정중고삼총감첨가량여억균효과간적관계。결과표명，이교련B3정분위원료，당정분용량위병희산질량적15%，호화온도위75℃，호화시간위20 min，병희산용액적중화도위75%，인발제용량위병희산질량적0.3%，교련제용량위병희산질량적0.02%，70℃조건하반응4 h시，가제비흡수성능교호적고흡수수지；당고삼총감용량체도25.7 mg/g시즉가사수지재자연배경하구유교호적억균효과。최종제비적억균형개성정분계고흡수수지적흡수배솔위715 g/g，접지솔위90%，재60℃조건하8 h적보수솔약위7%。
Modified starch and acrylic acid were used as raw materials,and potassium persulfate as initiator agent,N, N '-methylenebisacrylamide as cross-linking agent,a modified starch-based super absorbent polymer was prepared by aqueous solution polymerization method and then surface modification was carried out to make the polymer with antibacterial activity. The effect of starch type,degree of neutralization of acrylic acid solution,reaction temperature,and dosage of initiator and cross-linking agent and other factors on super absorbent polymer through single factor and orthogonal experiments were investigated. The relationships of total alkaloids concentrations and antibacterial activity in the surface modification process were also explored. Results show that starch grafted super absorbent polymer with better water absorption can be prepared by control the starch amount 15%of acrylic acid mass,gelatinization temperature 75℃,gelatinization time 20 min,neutralization degree of acrylic acid solu-tion 75%,initiator dosage 0.3%and cross-linking agent dosage 0.02%of acrylic acid mass,reaction under 70℃for 4 h,and cross-link starch B3 is used as raw material. The polymers have a good antibacterial activity,under natural environment,when the total alkaloids concentration reach 25.7 mg/g. Finally,the water absorption of the super absorbent polymer is 715 g/g,grafting percentage is 90%,and water retention is about 7%when treated under 60℃for 8 h.
