CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解泉州地区儿童变应性鼻炎(AR)的变应原分布情况，为诊断、预防和治疗提供依据。方法：采用20种标准化变应原对泉州地区850例4～12岁拟诊为AR患儿进行皮肤点刺试验(SPT)，分析不同年龄、不同性别和病情轻重程度的患儿在变应原阳性率分布上的差异。结果：SPT阳性率前5位的变应原分别为屋尘螨(占66.7%)、粉尘螨(占65.5%)、蟑螂(占32.8%)、海蟹(占18.2%)及海虾(占16.8%)。学龄前儿童SPT阳性率与学龄期儿童比较差异无统计学意义(x2=0.92， P＞0.05)；不同性别之间SPT阳性率差异无统计学意义(x2=0.86，P＞0.05)；有家族史和哮喘史的患儿的阳性率与无家族史和哮喘史的阳性率相比差异有统计学意义(x2=18.36，P＜0.05)。结论：屋尘螨、粉尘螨、蟑螂、海蟹及海虾是泉州地区儿童AR的主要变应原，不同年龄阶段的患儿SPT阳性率相似，有家族史、哮喘史的患儿阳性率比无家族史、哮喘史的阳性率高。
목적：료해천주지구인동변응성비염(AR)적변응원분포정황，위진단、예방화치료제공의거。방법：채용20충표준화변응원대천주지구850례4～12세의진위AR환인진행피부점자시험(SPT)，분석불동년령、불동성별화병정경중정도적환인재변응원양성솔분포상적차이。결과：SPT양성솔전5위적변응원분별위옥진만(점66.7%)、분진만(점65.5%)、장랑(점32.8%)、해해(점18.2%)급해하(점16.8%)。학령전인동SPT양성솔여학령기인동비교차이무통계학의의(x2=0.92， P＞0.05)；불동성별지간SPT양성솔차이무통계학의의(x2=0.86，P＞0.05)；유가족사화효천사적환인적양성솔여무가족사화효천사적양성솔상비차이유통계학의의(x2=18.36，P＜0.05)。결론：옥진만、분진만、장랑、해해급해하시천주지구인동AR적주요변응원，불동년령계단적환인SPT양성솔상사，유가족사、효천사적환인양성솔비무가족사、효천사적양성솔고。
Objective: To understand distribution of allergens in patients of children with allergic rhinitis(AR) in Quanzhou, for the diagnosis, prevention and treatment. Methods:Using 20 standardized allergen underwent skin prick testing (skin prick test, SPT) for 850 patients of children aged 4~12 years with suspected AR patients in Quanzhou, analysis of different age, gender and severity in patients of children with allergen distribution differences of positive rate. Results:The top 5 allergens with positive skin tests were D.pteronyssinus(66.7%), D.farinae(65.5%), Blattodea(32.8%), Sea crab(18.2%), and Sea lobster(16.8%), The positive rate of SPT in the preschool children and school school children had significant difference (x2=0.92, P>0.05); gender difference between the positive rate of SPT had no significant difference(x2=0.86, P>0.05);there is a family history of asthma and in patients with a history of positive rate and without a family history and history of asthma rates compared to the difference was statistically significant (x2=18.36, P<0.05). Conclusion:This study showed that the Dust Mite, Blattodea, Sea crab, Sea lobster are the most important allergens of children with allergic rhinitis(AR) in quanzhou, Different ages of the patients with SPT positive rates Similar, a family history, history of asthma patients with positive rate than patients without a family history of asthma history, high positive rate.