中国临床新医学
中國臨床新醫學
중국림상신의학
CHINESE JOURNAL OF NEW CLINICAL MEDICINE
2014年
2期
154-156
,共3页
基层医院%尿路感染%病原菌%耐药性
基層醫院%尿路感染%病原菌%耐藥性
기층의원%뇨로감염%병원균%내약성
Grass-roots hospital%Urinary tract infection%Pathogens%Drug resistance
目的调查基层医院尿路感染病原菌的耐药现状,为临床治疗提供依据。方法对2011-01~2011-12该院门诊、急诊和住院尿路感染患者尿液标本中分离出的316株病原菌进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果尿路感染以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占73.7%,其中以大肠埃希菌占最大比例,为41.8%,其次是肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌,分别为11.1%、5.1%;革兰阳性球菌占16.8%,其中以肠球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌多见,分别为10.1%、5.1%;真菌占9.5%,以假丝酵母菌为主。革兰阴性杆菌对碳青霉烯类、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦和阿米卡星有较高的敏感性;革兰氏阳性球菌对糖肽类抗菌药物呈100.0%敏感;假丝酵母菌对常用抗真菌药物敏感性较好。结论尿路感染主要以肠杆菌科为主要致病菌,且具有较高的耐药性;经验用药前应积极进行病原学检查和药敏试验,以指导尿路感染的的合理用药,减少耐药菌的产生和传播。
目的調查基層醫院尿路感染病原菌的耐藥現狀,為臨床治療提供依據。方法對2011-01~2011-12該院門診、急診和住院尿路感染患者尿液標本中分離齣的316株病原菌進行鑒定和藥敏試驗。結果尿路感染以革蘭陰性桿菌為主,佔73.7%,其中以大腸埃希菌佔最大比例,為41.8%,其次是肺炎剋雷伯菌、陰溝腸桿菌,分彆為11.1%、5.1%;革蘭暘性毬菌佔16.8%,其中以腸毬菌和凝固酶陰性葡萄毬菌多見,分彆為10.1%、5.1%;真菌佔9.5%,以假絲酵母菌為主。革蘭陰性桿菌對碳青黴烯類、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦和阿米卡星有較高的敏感性;革蘭氏暘性毬菌對糖肽類抗菌藥物呈100.0%敏感;假絲酵母菌對常用抗真菌藥物敏感性較好。結論尿路感染主要以腸桿菌科為主要緻病菌,且具有較高的耐藥性;經驗用藥前應積極進行病原學檢查和藥敏試驗,以指導尿路感染的的閤理用藥,減少耐藥菌的產生和傳播。
목적조사기층의원뇨로감염병원균적내약현상,위림상치료제공의거。방법대2011-01~2011-12해원문진、급진화주원뇨로감염환자뇨액표본중분리출적316주병원균진행감정화약민시험。결과뇨로감염이혁란음성간균위주,점73.7%,기중이대장애희균점최대비례,위41.8%,기차시폐염극뢰백균、음구장간균,분별위11.1%、5.1%;혁란양성구균점16.8%,기중이장구균화응고매음성포도구균다견,분별위10.1%、5.1%;진균점9.5%,이가사효모균위주。혁란음성간균대탄청매희류、고랍서림/타서파탄화아미잡성유교고적민감성;혁란씨양성구균대당태류항균약물정100.0%민감;가사효모균대상용항진균약물민감성교호。결론뇨로감염주요이장간균과위주요치병균,차구유교고적내약성;경험용약전응적겁진행병원학검사화약민시험,이지도뇨로감염적적합리용약,감소내약균적산생화전파。
Objective To investigate the drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infection in grass-roots hospital,so as to provide evidence for clinical management .Methods From Jan.2011 to Dec.2011, a total of 316 strains of pathogens were isolated from urine specimens of inpatients and outpatients in the People ′s Hos-pital of Hengxian ,and drug sensitivity test was performed .Results The predominant pathogens of urinary tract infec-tions were gram-negative bacteria , accounted for 73.7%, in which Escherichia coli ranked the first ( 41.8%) , fol-lowed by Klebsiella pneumoniae ( 11.1%) and Enterobacter cloacae ( 5.1%) .Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 16.8%, in which Enterococcus and coagulase negative staphylococcus were common , accounted for 10.1%, 5.1%, respectively .Fungi accounted for 9.5%, in which Candida were the majority .In these isolated pathogenic bacteria , gram-negative bacterial were sensitive to carbapenems ,piperacillin/tazobactam and amikacin .The sensitivity rate of gram-positive bacteria to glycopeptides antibiotics were high .Candida were sensitive to common antifungal agents . Conclusion Enterobacteriaceae was the major pathogens causing urinary tract infection , and had higher degree of drug resistance rate .Etiological examination and drug sensitivity test of pathogens of urine should be performed before initiation antibiotics treatment for urinary tract infection , so as to guide the reasonable use of antibiotics and reduce the generation and dissemination of drug-resistant.