CAJ | 학술논문

本试验对226份CIMMYT小麦种质的产量构成因素、籽粒品质、面筋特性、面团揉混特性和淀粉糊化特性等进行了研究分析。结果表明：226份CIMMYT小麦种质的每穗小穗数平均值为16．4个，与当地主推品种济麦22相当；穗粒数平均为41．9个，比济麦22多2．3个，最高达60．2个；千粒重平均为38．7 g。籽粒硬度较高，＞90的有22份，最高为97。82．8％的材料其籽粒蛋白含量在12．5％～14．5％之间。大部分材料的沉淀值在37～46 ml之间，最大值为64．5 ml；沉淀值＞40 ml的材料占66．9％，其中7份材料的沉淀值在60 ml以上。湿面筋含量变异幅度较大，在25．7％～57．2％之间；干面筋值的变异幅度较小，大部分材料集中在10～13 g，最大值为18．4 g；面筋指数高，＞94％的材料占66．2％；筛选出湿面筋含量＞35％、干面筋值＞13．0 g、面筋指数在94％以上的材料10份。揉混仪参数峰值宽度变异幅度较大，在180～440 B．U．之间，有51份材料的峰值宽度＞300 B．U．；8 cm峰宽分布集中在70～180 B．U．，最宽达320 B．U．；衰落角分布集中在6°～16°；筛选出峰值宽度300 B．U．以上、8 cm峰宽190 B．U．以上且衰落角＜10°的材料7份。淀粉RVA糊化特性的峰值粘度分布集中在2800～3400 cP之间，最高值达3887 cP；稀懈值集中在900～1200 cP；回升值集中在1200～1500 cP；筛选出峰值粘度高于3000 cP、稀懈值高于1300 cP且回升值＜1300 cP的材料42份。筛选出的这些材料可作为山东省小麦育种和品质改良的优异亲本，并且部分材料已被用于小麦育种中。
본시험대226빈CIMMYT소맥충질적산량구성인소、자립품질、면근특성、면단유혼특성화정분호화특성등진행료연구분석。결과표명：226빈CIMMYT소맥충질적매수소수수평균치위16．4개，여당지주추품충제맥22상당；수립수평균위41．9개，비제맥22다2．3개，최고체60．2개；천립중평균위38．7 g。자립경도교고，＞90적유22빈，최고위97。82．8％적재료기자립단백함량재12．5％～14．5％지간。대부분재료적침정치재37～46 ml지간，최대치위64．5 ml；침정치＞40 ml적재료점66．9％，기중7빈재료적침정치재60 ml이상。습면근함량변이폭도교대，재25．7％～57．2％지간；간면근치적변이폭도교소，대부분재료집중재10～13 g，최대치위18．4 g；면근지수고，＞94％적재료점66．2％；사선출습면근함량＞35％、간면근치＞13．0 g、면근지수재94％이상적재료10빈。유혼의삼수봉치관도변이폭도교대，재180～440 B．U．지간，유51빈재료적봉치관도＞300 B．U．；8 cm봉관분포집중재70～180 B．U．，최관체320 B．U．；쇠락각분포집중재6°～16°；사선출봉치관도300 B．U．이상、8 cm봉관190 B．U．이상차쇠락각＜10°적재료7빈。정분RVA호화특성적봉치점도분포집중재2800～3400 cP지간，최고치체3887 cP；희해치집중재900～1200 cP；회승치집중재1200～1500 cP；사선출봉치점도고우3000 cP、희해치고우1300 cP차회승치＜1300 cP적재료42빈。사선출적저사재료가작위산동성소맥육충화품질개량적우이친본，병차부분재료이피용우소맥육충중。
Total 226 CIMMYT wheat germplasms were used to analyze the yield components ,grain quali-ty,gluten characteristics , dough traits and starch RVA characteristics .The results showed that their average spikelet number per spike was 16.4 matched that of Jimai 22;the average kernels per spike was 41.9, which was 2.3 more than that of Jimai 22, and the maximum was up to 60.2;the average 1 000-grain weight was 38 .7 g.The grain hardness was higher;22 germplasms showed the grain hardness over 90;the maximum was 97 .The grain protein content of 82 .8%germplasms was among 12 .5%~14 .5%.The sedimentation volume of most germplasms was 37~46 ml,and the maximum was up to 64.5 ml;66.9%germplasms showed higher sedimentation volume more than 40 ml, in which, those of 7 ones were higher than 60 ml.The wet gluten con-tent showed large variation in the range of 25.7%~57.2%;the dry gluten value showed little variation ,and most focused on 10~13 g with the maximum as 18 .4 g.The gluten index was higher , and more than 66 .2%germplasms showed the gluten index above 94%.Ten germplasms were selected with the wet gluten content o-ver 35%,dry gluten value over 13 .0 g and gluten index over >94%.For the dough characteristics , the peak width showed large variation ranged from 180 to 440 B.U.;there were 51 germplasms with the peak width o-ver 300 B.U..The width at 8 cm was focused on 70~180 B.U.with the maximum as 320 B.U..The weak-ness degree focused on 6~16 °.Seven germplasms were screened out with the peak width over 300 B.U.,the width at 8 cm over 190 B.U.and the weakness degree lower than 10°.For the starch RVA characteristics, peak viscosity focused on 2 800~3 400 cP with the maximum as 3 887 cP;breakdown and set back focused on 900~1 200 cP and 1 200~1 500 cP, respectively;42 germplasms were selected out with the peak viscosi-ty more than 300 cP, the breakdown more than 1 300 cP and the set back lower than 1 300 cP.All the select-ed germplasms could be used as excellent parents for breed and quality improvement in Shandong wheat re -gion, and some of them have been used in the wheat breeding .