CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解农村女性抑郁症状与伤害发生情况，探讨抑郁症状与伤害发生特点的关系。方法按单纯随机整群抽样的方法抽取广东省潮汕地区(汕头、潮州、揭阳)农村22个村委会1224名18岁以上女性，采用伤害发生情况调查表和流调中心用抑郁量表(the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale，CES-D 2对其进行调查并收集人口社会学资料，应用χ检验法分析有抑郁倾向组与无抑郁组的伤害发生特点。结果在1224例农村女性中，伤害发生率为8.01%，抑郁症状检出率为23.04%。不同年龄、婚姻状况、职业和受教育程度的农村女性伤害发生率之间均有差异，65岁~年龄组、丧偶/离婚、职业为农民、未接受教育的女性伤害发生率较高(P<0.05)；而不同地区之间伤害发生率无差异。不同年龄和地区之间抑郁检出率之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)；未婚女性检出率(42.31%)、家务/离退休女性抑郁检出率(27.63%)、未接受教育女性的抑郁检出率(29.20%)较高，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有抑郁倾向组与无抑郁组在受伤种类、受伤性质、伤后处理和住院情况之间有差异。受伤性质中，有抑郁倾向组以骨折(40.00%)为主，无抑郁组为浅表损伤(50.60%)；伤后处理中，有抑郁倾向组以门诊(40.00%)为主，无抑郁组为自己处理(32.53%)；有抑郁倾向组严重伤害发生率(住院率46.67%)高于非抑郁组(6.02%)。结论农村女性表现出较高的伤害发生率和抑郁症状检出率，抑郁症状与伤害发生特点有一定的关联，应针对其特征采取相应的措施，促进农村女性的身心健康。
목적：료해농촌녀성억욱증상여상해발생정황，탐토억욱증상여상해발생특점적관계。방법안단순수궤정군추양적방법추취광동성조산지구(산두、조주、게양)농촌22개촌위회1224명18세이상녀성，채용상해발생정황조사표화류조중심용억욱량표(the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale，CES-D 2대기진행조사병수집인구사회학자료，응용χ검험법분석유억욱경향조여무억욱조적상해발생특점。결과재1224례농촌녀성중，상해발생솔위8.01%，억욱증상검출솔위23.04%。불동년령、혼인상황、직업화수교육정도적농촌녀성상해발생솔지간균유차이，65세~년령조、상우/리혼、직업위농민、미접수교육적녀성상해발생솔교고(P<0.05)；이불동지구지간상해발생솔무차이。불동년령화지구지간억욱검출솔지간적차이무통계학의의(P>0.05)；미혼녀성검출솔(42.31%)、가무/리퇴휴녀성억욱검출솔(27.63%)、미접수교육녀성적억욱검출솔(29.20%)교고，차이균유통계학의의(P<0.05)。유억욱경향조여무억욱조재수상충류、수상성질、상후처리화주원정황지간유차이。수상성질중，유억욱경향조이골절(40.00%)위주，무억욱조위천표손상(50.60%)；상후처리중，유억욱경향조이문진(40.00%)위주，무억욱조위자기처리(32.53%)；유억욱경향조엄중상해발생솔(주원솔46.67%)고우비억욱조(6.02%)。결론농촌녀성표현출교고적상해발생솔화억욱증상검출솔，억욱증상여상해발생특점유일정적관련，응침대기특정채취상응적조시，촉진농촌녀성적신심건강。
Objective To describe the occurrence of depressive symptoms and injury among rural women, and to explore the relationship between depressive symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of injury. Methods The study sample which was 1 224 rural women more than 18 years, from 22 places of Chaoshan district (Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang) of Guangdong province was got by cluster random sampling and investigated by Injuries information form and CES-D. The collected data was used to analyse the influence factors of depressive symptoms and the characters of injury through means of Chi-square test. Results Incidence of injuries was 8.01%, detection rate of depressive symptoms was 23.04%. The difference with respect to the quantity of samples with injuries did not have a statistical significance in different regions(P>0.05),but did in different age groups , states of marriage, occupation and education level(P<0.05). Incidence of injuries is higer in more than 65 years old, divorce or widow, farmer or low education lever of women(P<0.05).The difference with respect to the quantity of samples with depression symptoms did not have a statistical significance in different age groups and regions(P>0.05), but did in different states of marriage, occupation and education level(P<0.05).The rate of women with depressive symptoms in a state of spinsterhood, housework-doing or retirement, or low education lever reached 42.31%、27.63%、29.20% respectively, the differences was statistically significant (P<0.05).The significant differences (P<0.05) were noted in types and nature of injuries, treatments for injuries and hospitalization. The depressive symptoms tendency group were mainly suffered fractured bone and treated with ambulatory service,and from non-depression group were superficial injuries and self-treatment. Incidence of serious injury(hospitalization rate) of depressive symptoms tendency group reached 46.67%, much higher than that of non-depression group (6.02%). Conclusion The results suggested that there was a relationship between depressive symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of injuries.Incidence of injuries and detection rate of depressive symptoms were high among rural women.The appropriate measures of prevention and control should be taken to improve physical and psychological health of rural women.