伤害医学（电子版）
傷害醫學（電子版）
상해의학（전자판）
Injury Medicine
2013年
3期
17-21
,共5页
中小学生%伤害%流行病学研究
中小學生%傷害%流行病學研究
중소학생%상해%류행병학연구
Primary and middle school students%Injury%Epidemiology
目的：了解潮汕地区农村中小学生伤害的现状及流行病学特征，为制定切实可行的干预措施提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法和自填式问卷调查，对该地区4所乡镇学校的1131名10~17岁农村中小学生近半年内的伤害发生情况、伤害相关因素和行为情况、学生及其家庭基本情况等进行调查。结果潮汕地区2农村中小学生伤害发生率为13.9%；男生的伤害发生率高于女生(=4.3，P＜0.05)；伤害最主要发生地点为家中(47.8%)，其次为校内(26.7%)、校外(25.5%)，其中具体发生地点以走廊、楼梯、厨房、上下学途中为主；伤害类型前三位依次为跌倒/坠落伤(55.4%)、刀或锐器伤(15.3%)、交通伤(9.6%)；伤害部位以下肢为最多(47.8%)，其次为上肢(33.8%)；发生伤害时进行的活动前三位依次为娱乐/玩耍/休闲(32.5%)、交通(26.1%)、体育活动/运动(17.2%)；伤害类型以挫伤/擦伤(24.2%)、骨折(23.5%)为主。结论潮汕地区农村中小学生伤害的发生情况不容忽视，应有针对性的采取适当措施，预防和控制中小学生伤害的发生。
目的：瞭解潮汕地區農村中小學生傷害的現狀及流行病學特徵，為製定切實可行的榦預措施提供依據。方法採用整群隨機抽樣方法和自填式問捲調查，對該地區4所鄉鎮學校的1131名10~17歲農村中小學生近半年內的傷害髮生情況、傷害相關因素和行為情況、學生及其傢庭基本情況等進行調查。結果潮汕地區2農村中小學生傷害髮生率為13.9%；男生的傷害髮生率高于女生(=4.3，P＜0.05)；傷害最主要髮生地點為傢中(47.8%)，其次為校內(26.7%)、校外(25.5%)，其中具體髮生地點以走廊、樓梯、廚房、上下學途中為主；傷害類型前三位依次為跌倒/墜落傷(55.4%)、刀或銳器傷(15.3%)、交通傷(9.6%)；傷害部位以下肢為最多(47.8%)，其次為上肢(33.8%)；髮生傷害時進行的活動前三位依次為娛樂/玩耍/休閒(32.5%)、交通(26.1%)、體育活動/運動(17.2%)；傷害類型以挫傷/抆傷(24.2%)、骨摺(23.5%)為主。結論潮汕地區農村中小學生傷害的髮生情況不容忽視，應有針對性的採取適噹措施，預防和控製中小學生傷害的髮生。
목적：료해조산지구농촌중소학생상해적현상급류행병학특정，위제정절실가행적간예조시제공의거。방법채용정군수궤추양방법화자전식문권조사，대해지구4소향진학교적1131명10~17세농촌중소학생근반년내적상해발생정황、상해상관인소화행위정황、학생급기가정기본정황등진행조사。결과조산지구2농촌중소학생상해발생솔위13.9%；남생적상해발생솔고우녀생(=4.3，P＜0.05)；상해최주요발생지점위가중(47.8%)，기차위교내(26.7%)、교외(25.5%)，기중구체발생지점이주랑、루제、주방、상하학도중위주；상해류형전삼위의차위질도/추락상(55.4%)、도혹예기상(15.3%)、교통상(9.6%)；상해부위이하지위최다(47.8%)，기차위상지(33.8%)；발생상해시진행적활동전삼위의차위오악/완사/휴한(32.5%)、교통(26.1%)、체육활동/운동(17.2%)；상해류형이좌상/찰상(24.2%)、골절(23.5%)위주。결론조산지구농촌중소학생상해적발생정황불용홀시，응유침대성적채취괄당조시，예방화공제중소학생상해적발생。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of injuries among rural middle and primary school students in Chaoshan district of Guangdong province and provide the foundations for injury prevention and intervention. Methods With acluster random sampling method,a self-designed questionnaire wasused to investigate injuries among 1 131 middle and primary school students of countryside. Data were collected by a well-structured self-administered questionnaire on injuries that had ever happened to the students and on health related behaviors and completed by them with written informed consent. Results The 2prevelence of injuries was 13.9%.The prevelence of injuries among boys was significantly higher than girls(χ=4.3,P<0.05).The top three of the prevelence of injuries were falls (55.4%),sharp injury(15.3%)andtraffic injury(9.6%).There were 47.8% of injuries taking place at home, 26.7%of injuries taking place in school and 25.5%of injuries taking place outside school. The first three activities of injuries were entertainment or play(32.5%), traffic(26.1%)and sports activities(17.2%).The most common injured positions were lower limbs(47.8%) and upper limbs(33.8%). contusion or bruises(24.2%) and fracture(23.5%)were the most common types of injuries. Conclusion Tailored interventions should be carried out to reduce injuries among middle and primary school students of countryside in Chaoshan district.
