CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究饼粕类饲料原料中添加果胶酶对肉鸡回肠氨基酸消化率和代谢能的影响。试验选用780只1日龄罗斯308肉公鸡，随机分为13个处理（每个处理6个重复，每个重复10只鸡），其中12个处理分别饲喂豆粕、棉籽粕和菜籽粕型半纯合饲粮，并分别设添加果胶酶组与空白组；另外1个处理饲喂无氮饲粮以测定氨基酸内源损失。采用全收粪法收集20～22日龄粪便，测定果胶酶对肉鸡代谢能的影响；23日龄收集回肠后半段食糜，测定果胶酶对肉鸡氨基酸消化率的影响。结果表明：1）肉鸡对优质豆粕的表观代谢能（ AME ）和氮校正表观代谢能（AMEn）极显著高于普通豆粕（P＜0．01），3个不同品种棉籽粕的AME和AMEn之间存在显著差异（P＜0．05），由高到低分别为棉籽蛋白、脱酚棉籽粕和普通棉籽粕；添加果胶酶后，肉鸡对2种豆粕的AME和AMEn都有提高趋势（P＝0．066、P＝0．064），3种棉籽粕的AME和AMEn均得到极显著提高（ P＜0．01），菜籽粕的AME和AMEn无显著变化（ P＞0．05）。2）除苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和天门冬氨酸外，肉鸡对2种豆粕的其他氨基酸标准回肠消化率（ SID）无显著影响（ P＞0．05），3种棉籽粕所有氨基酸的SID存在显著差异（P＜0．05）；添加果胶酶后肉鸡对2种豆粕的蛋氨酸和脯氨酸的SID有提高趋势（P＝0．087、P＝0．082），添加果胶酶后3种棉籽粕的多数氨基酸SID显著提高并且部分氨基酸出现原料与酶的互作效应（ P＜0．05），菜籽粕在加酶后大部分氨基酸的SID提高了，但差异并不显著（ P＞0．05）。本试验结果显示，同种原料经加工后形成的不同产品其AME、AMEn以及氨基酸SID不同，除菜籽粕外，添加果胶酶后肉鸡对其他几种饼粕类饲料原料的代谢能和氨基酸消化率均有不同程度的提高作用。
본시험지재연구병박류사료원료중첨가과효매대육계회장안기산소화솔화대사능적영향。시험선용780지1일령라사308육공계，수궤분위13개처리（매개처리6개중복，매개중복10지계），기중12개처리분별사위두박、면자박화채자박형반순합사량，병분별설첨가과효매조여공백조；령외1개처리사위무담사량이측정안기산내원손실。채용전수분법수집20～22일령분편，측정과효매대육계대사능적영향；23일령수집회장후반단식미，측정과효매대육계안기산소화솔적영향。결과표명：1）육계대우질두박적표관대사능（ AME ）화담교정표관대사능（AMEn）겁현저고우보통두박（P＜0．01），3개불동품충면자박적AME화AMEn지간존재현저차이（P＜0．05），유고도저분별위면자단백、탈분면자박화보통면자박；첨가과효매후，육계대2충두박적AME화AMEn도유제고추세（P＝0．066、P＝0．064），3충면자박적AME화AMEn균득도겁현저제고（ P＜0．01），채자박적AME화AMEn무현저변화（ P＞0．05）。2）제분병안산、락안산화천문동안산외，육계대2충두박적기타안기산표준회장소화솔（ SID）무현저영향（ P＞0．05），3충면자박소유안기산적SID존재현저차이（P＜0．05）；첨가과효매후육계대2충두박적단안산화포안산적SID유제고추세（P＝0．087、P＝0．082），첨가과효매후3충면자박적다수안기산SID현저제고병차부분안기산출현원료여매적호작효응（ P＜0．05），채자박재가매후대부분안기산적SID제고료，단차이병불현저（ P＞0．05）。본시험결과현시，동충원료경가공후형성적불동산품기AME、AMEn이급안기산SID불동，제채자박외，첨가과효매후육계대기타궤충병박류사료원료적대사능화안기산소화솔균유불동정도적제고작용。
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of pectinase in meal type diets on ileal amino acid digestibility and metabolizable energy of broilers.A total of 780 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were ran-domly divided into 13 treatments (6 replicates per treatment and 10 broilers per replicate), the 12 treatments of them were fed soybean meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal type semi-purified diets, respectively, which were all with pectinase group and control group.Another one treatment was fed a nitrogen-free diet to deter-mine endogenous amino acid losses.Total feces of broilers were collected from 20 to 22 days of age to deter-mine the effects of pectinase on the metabolizable energy of broilers, and the terminal half of ileal digesta was collected at 23 days of age to determine the effects of pectinase on amino acid digestibility of broilers.The re-sults showed as follows:1) the apparent metabolizable energy ( AME) and apparent metabolizable energy cor-rected for nitrogen ( AMEn) of the high quality soybean meal were significantly higher than those of normal soybean meal ( P<0 .01 ) , the AME and AMEn of three kinds of cottonseed meals had significant differences (P<0.05), and the values of them from high to low were cottonseed protein, dephenol cottonseed meal and general cottonseed meal.After adding pectinase, the AME and AMEn of two kinds of soybean meals had a tend of increase (P=0.066 and P=0.064, respectively), and the AME and AMEn of three kinds of cotton-seed meals were significantly increased ( P<0 .01 ) , while the AME and AMEn of rapeseed meal had no sig-nificant change (P>0.05).2) There was no significant difference on standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of most amino acids between two kinds of soybean meals except phenylalanine, tyrosine and aspartic acid ( P>0 .05 ) , and the SID of all amino acids was significantly different between three kinds of cottonseed meals ( P<0 .05 ) .The SID of the methionine and proline of two kinds of soybean meals was increased by pectinase supplementation (P=0.087 and P=0.082, respectively).The SID of some amino acids of three kinds of cottonseed meals showed the interaction effect between pectinase and cottonseed meal (P<0.05).The SID of most amino acids of rapeseed meal was increased by pectinase supplementation (P>0.05).In conclusion, the AME, AMEn and amino acid SID of the same ingredient with different processes are different, and the supple-mentation of pectinase can increase the metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility except rapeseed meal.