CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究投喂蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料对草鱼生长性能、肌肉品质及血液生理生化指标的影响。试验选取初始体重为(860±40) g的草鱼450尾，随机分为3组，分别为对照组、蚕豆组和去皮蚕豆组，每组设置3个重复，每个重复放养50尾草鱼。对照饲料参考草鱼商品饲料配方配制，蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料分别用蚕豆和去皮蚕豆部分替代对照饲料中的豆粕、菜籽粕及棉籽粕，蚕豆和去皮蚕豆的用量均为80%。试验期为20周。结果表明：与对照组相比，蚕豆组和去皮蚕豆组草鱼的增重率和饲料系数无显著变化(P>0.05)，但脏体指数和肝体指数显著降低(P<0.05)；投喂蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料显著提高了草鱼的血液红细胞和白细胞数量，血清葡萄糖、总胆固醇、尿素氮含量以及谷草转氨酶活性(P<0.05)，显著降低了血清超氧化物歧化酶活性(P<0.05)；与对照组相比，蚕豆组和去皮蚕豆组草鱼的肌肉水分含量和失水率显著降低(P<0.05)，粗脂肪含量显著升高(P<0.05)，肌原纤维长度和肌纤维直径显著提高(P<0.05)，鲜味氨基酸和必需氨基酸含量显著增加(P<0.05)。由此得出，投喂蚕豆饲料和去皮蚕豆饲料对草鱼的生长性能无负面影响，并均能改变草鱼的肌肉品质，且肌肉品质的改变与蚕豆皮没有必然联系。
본시험지재연구투위잠두사료화거피잠두사료대초어생장성능、기육품질급혈액생리생화지표적영향。시험선취초시체중위(860±40) g적초어450미，수궤분위3조，분별위대조조、잠두조화거피잠두조，매조설치3개중복，매개중복방양50미초어。대조사료삼고초어상품사료배방배제，잠두사료화거피잠두사료분별용잠두화거피잠두부분체대대조사료중적두박、채자박급면자박，잠두화거피잠두적용량균위80%。시험기위20주。결과표명：여대조조상비，잠두조화거피잠두조초어적증중솔화사료계수무현저변화(P>0.05)，단장체지수화간체지수현저강저(P<0.05)；투위잠두사료화거피잠두사료현저제고료초어적혈액홍세포화백세포수량，혈청포도당、총담고순、뇨소담함량이급곡초전안매활성(P<0.05)，현저강저료혈청초양화물기화매활성(P<0.05)；여대조조상비，잠두조화거피잠두조초어적기육수분함량화실수솔현저강저(P<0.05)，조지방함량현저승고(P<0.05)，기원섬유장도화기섬유직경현저제고(P<0.05)，선미안기산화필수안기산함량현저증가(P<0.05)。유차득출，투위잠두사료화거피잠두사료대초어적생장성능무부면영향，병균능개변초어적기육품질，차기육품질적개변여잠두피몰유필연련계。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding broad bean ( BB) and dehulling broad bean ( DBB) diets on growth performance, muscle quality and blood physiological-biochemical indices of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus) . A total of 300 grass carp with the initial body weight of ( 860 ± 40) g were randomly divided into 3 groups, which were control, BB and DBB groups, respectively. There were 3 replicates in each group and each group had 50 fish. A commercial feed formula was used as the control diet, and the BB and DBB diets were formulated with 80% BB and 80% DBB which stead of soybean meal, cottonseed meal and rapeseed meal on the control diet basis, respectively. The experiment lasted for 20 weeks. The results showed as follows:compared with the control group, the weight gain rate and feed conversation ra-tio in BB and DBB groups were not significantly changed ( P>0 . 05 ) , but the viscerosomtic index and hepato-somatic index were significantly reduced ( P <0 . 05 ) . Feeding BB and DBB diets significantly increased the number of red blood cells and white blood cells, the contents of serum glucose, total cholesterol and urea nitro-gen and the activity of serum glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase (P<0. 05), but significantly reduced the activity of serum superoxide dismutase (P <0. 05). Compared with the control group, the muscle moisture content and water loss rate in BB and DBB groups were significantly decreased ( P<0 . 05 ) , but the crude lipid content was significantly increased ( P<0 . 05 ) , the myofibril length and muscular fiber diameter were signifi-cantly raised ( P<0 . 05 ) , and the contents of delicious amino acids and essential amino acids were significant-ly increased ( P<0 . 05 ) . The results indicate that feeding BB and DBB diets have no negative effects on the growth performance, but all can change the muscle quality of grass carp, and there is no necessary association between the change of muscle quality and broad bean skin.