CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究普通棉籽粕( CSM )和发酵棉籽粕( FCSM )替代鱼粉对中华绒螯蟹( Eriocheir sinensis)幼蟹生长性能、体成分和肝胰腺消化酶活性的影响。选用初始均重为(0.56±0.04) g的中华绒螯蟹幼蟹660只,随机分成11组,每组3个重复,每个重复20只。配制CSM添加量分别为0、8.0%、16.0%、24.0%、32.0%、40.0%(分别记为 CSM0、CSM8、CSM16、CSM24、CSM32、CSM40组)和 FCSM 添加量分别为8.0%、16.0%、24.0%、32.0%、47.5%(分别记为FCSM8、FCSM16、FCSM24、FCSM32、FCSM47.5组)的11种等氮(粗蛋白质,38.39%)等能(总能,19.18 MJ/kg)试验饲料。试验期为6周。结果表明：CSM8、CSM16、FC-SM8、FCSM16、FCSM24组的增重率、特定生长率、成活率与对照组( CSM0组)差异不显著( P>0.05)。 CSM8、FCSM8、FCSM16、FCSM24组的全蟹粗蛋白质含量与对照组亦无显著差异( P>0.05)。饲料中CSM添加量超过16%或FCSM添加量超过24%时,增重率、特定生长率、成活率和全蟹粗蛋白质含量显著低于对照组( P<0.05)。不同水平的CSM和FCSM替代鱼粉对全蟹水分、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量以及肝胰腺脂肪酶活性的影响均不显著( P>0.05)。随着CSM或FCSM替代水平的升高,肝胰腺胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活性逐渐下降,而淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性则逐渐升高。在相同替代水平下,FCSM组的胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活性均不同程度地高于 CSM组,而FCSM组的纤维素酶活性则显著低于CSM组( P<0.05)。由此得出,作为中华绒螯蟹幼蟹饲料中鱼粉的替代蛋白质源时,CSM的适宜添加量为16%,FCSM的适宜添加量为24%。此外,相同替代水平下FCSM的替代效果好于CSM。
본시험지재연구보통면자박( CSM )화발효면자박( FCSM )체대어분대중화융오해( Eriocheir sinensis)유해생장성능、체성분화간이선소화매활성적영향。선용초시균중위(0.56±0.04) g적중화융오해유해660지,수궤분성11조,매조3개중복,매개중복20지。배제CSM첨가량분별위0、8.0%、16.0%、24.0%、32.0%、40.0%(분별기위 CSM0、CSM8、CSM16、CSM24、CSM32、CSM40조)화 FCSM 첨가량분별위8.0%、16.0%、24.0%、32.0%、47.5%(분별기위FCSM8、FCSM16、FCSM24、FCSM32、FCSM47.5조)적11충등담(조단백질,38.39%)등능(총능,19.18 MJ/kg)시험사료。시험기위6주。결과표명：CSM8、CSM16、FC-SM8、FCSM16、FCSM24조적증중솔、특정생장솔、성활솔여대조조( CSM0조)차이불현저( P>0.05)。 CSM8、FCSM8、FCSM16、FCSM24조적전해조단백질함량여대조조역무현저차이( P>0.05)。사료중CSM첨가량초과16%혹FCSM첨가량초과24%시,증중솔、특정생장솔、성활솔화전해조단백질함량현저저우대조조( P<0.05)。불동수평적CSM화FCSM체대어분대전해수분、조지방、조회분함량이급간이선지방매활성적영향균불현저( P>0.05)。수착CSM혹FCSM체대수평적승고,간이선위단백매화이단백매활성축점하강,이정분매화섬유소매활성칙축점승고。재상동체대수평하,FCSM조적위단백매화이단백매활성균불동정도지고우 CSM조,이FCSM조적섬유소매활성칙현저저우CSM조( P<0.05)。유차득출,작위중화융오해유해사료중어분적체대단백질원시,CSM적괄의첨가량위16%,FCSM적괄의첨가량위24%。차외,상동체대수평하FCSM적체대효과호우CSM。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fish meal replacement by common cot-tonseed meal ( CSM) and fermented cottonseed meal ( FCSM) on growth performance, body composition and hepatopancreas digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Chinese mitten crab ( Eriocheir sinensis) . A total of 660 juvenile Chinese mitten crab with the average body weight of (0. 56 ± 0. 04) g were randomly assigned to 11 groups with 3 replicates per group and 20 crab per replicate. Eleven isonitrogenous (38. 39% crude protein) and isocaloric (19. 18 MJ/kg gross energy) experimental diets were formulated in which CSM supplemental levels were 0 , 8 . 0%, 16 . 0%, 24 . 0%, 32 . 0% and 40 . 0% ( named as groups CSM0 , CSM8 , CSM16 , CSM24, CSM32 and CSM40, respectively), and FCSM supplemental levels were 8. 0%, 16. 0%, 24. 0%, 32 . 0% and 47 . 5% ( named as groups FCSM8 , FCSM16 , FCSM24 , FCSM32 and FCSM47 . 5 , respective-ly) , respectively. The experiment lasted for 6 weeks. The results showed as follows: compared with the con-trol group ( group CSM0 ) , the weight gain rate, specific growth rate and survival rate of crab in groups CSM8 , CSM16 , FCSM8 , FCSM16 and FCSM24 had no significant differences ( P>0 . 05 ) . The whole crab crude protein content in groups CSM8 , FCSM8 , FCSM16 and FCSM24 also had no significant difference compared with the control group (P >0. 05). The weight gain rate, specific growth rate, survival rate and whole crab crude protein content were significantly lower than those in control group when CSM supplemental level was over 16% or FCSM supplemental level was over 24% ( P<0 . 05 ) . No significant differences were found among all groups in the contents of whole carb moisture, crude lipid and ash, and hepatopancreas lipase activity (P>0. 05). With the increase of the replacement level of CSM or FCSM, the activities of hepatopan-creas pepsin and trypsin were declined gradually, while the activities of amylase and cellulose were increased gradually. Under the same replacement level, the activities of pepsin and trypsin in groups FCSM were higher than those in groups CSM in different degrees, and the cellulase activity in groups FCSM was significantly low-er than that in groups CSM (P<0. 05). In conclusion, as protein sources to replace fish meal, 16% CSM or 24% FCSM is considered as the suitable supplemental level in the diet of juvenile Chinese mitten crab, and the replacement effect of FCSM is better than CMS under the same replacement level.