CAJ | 학술논문

迁移时间是复合绝缘子人工污秽试验中的重要参数，为了说明迁移时间对于污层憎水性能描述的局限性，本文对染污复合绝缘子的憎水迁移过程进行了研究。通过测量高温硫化硅橡胶(high temperature vulcanizing silicon rubber，HTV)试片污层表面液滴接触角、液滴水平投影面积及HTV芯棒的污闪电压，发现污层憎水性能随迁移时间增长呈波动性增长。污层表面憎水性小分子不断向空气扩散，是导致憎水性呈波动性增长的内因；污层内部水分含量的变化，则是导致憎水性能呈波动性增长的主要原因；当试品所处迁移环境空气流通性较好时，有利于促进试品污层干燥，减小憎水性随迁移时间增长过程中的波动性。研究认为：染污复合绝缘子污层表面憎水性能随迁移时间总体上是增长的，但是，憎水性波动过程的存在，以及迁移过程受迁移环境的影响显著，使得单一的迁移时间不是描述污层憎水性能的理想参数。要提高复合绝缘子人工污秽试验与自然污秽试验间的等价性，需要寻找更合适的参数来描述试品污层的憎水性状态。
천이시간시복합절연자인공오예시험중적중요삼수，위료설명천이시간대우오층증수성능묘술적국한성，본문대염오복합절연자적증수천이과정진행료연구。통과측량고온류화규상효(high temperature vulcanizing silicon rubber，HTV)시편오층표면액적접촉각、액적수평투영면적급HTV심봉적오섬전압，발현오층증수성능수천이시간증장정파동성증장。오층표면증수성소분자불단향공기확산，시도치증수성정파동성증장적내인；오층내부수분함량적변화，칙시도치증수성능정파동성증장적주요원인；당시품소처천이배경공기류통성교호시，유리우촉진시품오층간조，감소증수성수천이시간증장과정중적파동성。연구인위：염오복합절연자오층표면증수성능수천이시간총체상시증장적，단시，증수성파동과정적존재，이급천이과정수천이배경적영향현저，사득단일적천이시간불시묘술오층증수성능적이상삼수。요제고복합절연자인공오예시험여자연오예시험간적등개성，수요심조경합괄적삼수래묘술시품오층적증수성상태。
Migration time is an important parameter for artificial pollution tests of composite insulators. In order to illustrate the limitations of migration time to reflect the hydrophobicity properties of pollution layer, in this paper, hydrophobicity migration process of polluted composite insulators was studied. By measuring contact angle and horizontal projected area of droplets on high temperature vulcanizing(HTV) silicon rubber specimens’ pollution layer, testing flashover voltage of HTV rods, phenomena about fluctuating growth of hydrophobicity during transfer can be found. Experimental study reveals the mechanism of the volatility. The essence of this volatility is that low molecular weight components are continuously moving out from the pollution layer to air. Change of the moisture content in the pollution layer during migration is the main cause for the volatility. Air convection can help to promote drying of the pollution and reduce the fluctuation during hydrophobicity migration. Hydrophobicity on the pollution surface of artificial polluted composite insulators is growing with the increase of migration time overall. However, the feature of fluctuating and the influence of environment on hydrophobicity migration make the single parameter of migration time unable to describe the hydrophobicity strength of pollution layer precisely. In order to improve the equivalence between HTV insulators’ artificial pollution tests and natural pollution tests, more suitable parameters are needed to describe the hydrophobicity state of dirty layer.