CAJ | 학술논문

声学性能良好的超声阵列传感器是确保局部放电检测成功率和定位精度的基础，目前国内外尚未开展局部放电超声阵列传感器声学性能的定量评价研究。该文提出一种基于定向准确度参数的局部放电超声阵列传感器声学性能定量评价方法。分析平面方形阵和均匀圆环阵的指向性函数及其分布，推导得到阵列传感器的定向准确度与指向性函数的关系，并采用定向准确度作为评价指标，对两种阵列结构的声学性能进行量化评价。应用 FastDOA 算法，仿真研究不同阵元个数时，两种阵列结构的窄带局部放电超声信号测向精度与定向准确度之间的变化规律，结果表明，同一阵列形式，局部放电超声阵列传感器定向准确度参数值越小，测向精度越高，表明声学性能越好；相同阵元个数下，均匀圆环阵的定向准确度值较方阵要小，表明圆阵声学性能更优。最后，采用自行设计研制的3×3方阵与9元均匀圆环阵在实验室采集同一宽带局部放电超声信号，并应用同一聚焦、测向算法进行局部放电超声信号的测向研究，实验结果验证了该文方法的正确性。
성학성능량호적초성진열전감기시학보국부방전검측성공솔화정위정도적기출，목전국내외상미개전국부방전초성진열전감기성학성능적정량평개연구。해문제출일충기우정향준학도삼수적국부방전초성진열전감기성학성능정량평개방법。분석평면방형진화균균원배진적지향성함수급기분포，추도득도진열전감기적정향준학도여지향성함수적관계，병채용정향준학도작위평개지표，대량충진렬결구적성학성능진행양화평개。응용 FastDOA 산법，방진연구불동진원개수시，량충진렬결구적착대국부방전초성신호측향정도여정향준학도지간적변화규률，결과표명，동일진렬형식，국부방전초성진열전감기정향준학도삼수치월소，측향정도월고，표명성학성능월호；상동진원개수하，균균원배진적정향준학도치교방진요소，표명원진성학성능경우。최후，채용자행설계연제적3×3방진여9원균균원배진재실험실채집동일관대국부방전초성신호，병응용동일취초、측향산법진행국부방전초성신호적측향연구，실험결과험증료해문방법적정학성。
The partial discharge’s ultrasonic array sensor (PD sensor) with good acoustic performances is the basis of PD detection and location. There is no quantitative evaluation method for PD sensor’s acoustic performances at present. This paper proposed a quantitative evaluation method for acoustic performances of the PD sensor. Firstly, the directivity diagram of the square array and uniform circular array was researched qualitatively, then the directive accuracy was chosen as the evaluation index to evaluate the acoustic performances of the two arrays;Secondly, the DOA (direction of arrival) precision of narrow-band signals of the above arrays for different element numbers were compared by simulations, the results show: the smaller the evaluation value is, the higher accuracy DOA will get, if the array sensors’ structure is the same. The evaluation value of the uniform circular array is smaller than the square array if the array sensors’ element number is the same, which shows that the circular array has the better acoustic performances. At last, several experiments using a 3×3 square array and a uniform circular array with 9 elements were done in the lab, and the ultrasonic array signals were processed by the same algorithm, the results prove the correctness of the proposed method.