CAJ | 학술논문

明儒关于《大学》诚意之“意”的定位大体可分两种：以意为心之所发，有善有恶，不具有主宰的意义；以意为心之所存，纯善无恶，是心之主宰。宋代学者思想中已体现出“意”定位之二重性，至明中叶王阳明这种分歧和矛盾更为突出，而其后学或在其“有善有恶意之动”的基础上提出“无意之意”，以超越形下的善恶观念；或发展了“意”的第二种涵义，提出意为心之所存，来解决阳明思想中的矛盾，刘蕺山即是这一支诚意说的集大成者。在此过程中，诚意工夫的重点亦由“诚”逐渐落实到“意”。
명유관우《대학》성의지“의”적정위대체가분량충：이의위심지소발，유선유악，불구유주재적의의；이의위심지소존，순선무악，시심지주재。송대학자사상중이체현출“의”정위지이중성，지명중협왕양명저충분기화모순경위돌출，이기후학혹재기“유선유악의지동”적기출상제출“무의지의”，이초월형하적선악관념；혹발전료“의”적제이충함의，제출의위심지소존，래해결양명사상중적모순，류즙산즉시저일지성의설적집대성자。재차과정중，성의공부적중점역유“성”축점락실도“의”。
There are substantially two kinds of opinions on will (yi)inthe Great Learning by Ming Confu-cians:yi,either goodness or malignity,are the stirrings of heart and mind (xin)and can not dominate xin;yi are purely good and can dominate xin and they are retained in the xin.Both had been embodied in the thought of scholars in Song Dynasty.Until Mid Ming Dynasty,the ambiguity and contradiction were most obviously manifested in Wang Yangming's idea.On the basis of Wang Yangming's saying that sometimes good and sometimes evil is where yi moves,some of Wang Yangming's followers made their points of “un-conscious mind”in order to transcend metaphysical idea of goodness and malignity;while others developed the second meaning of yi and put forward that yi were retained in the xin to resolve the contradiction in Wang Yangming's idea,and Liu Zongzhou epitomized the thought of this school.In this process,the center of cultivation practice of making the yi authentic and sincere (cheng)transferred from cheng to yi itself.