CAJ | 학술논문

枣树移栽具有特殊农艺要求，即挖坑时表土与心土应分开存放，移栽回填时先埋表土，后埋心土。但目前的挖坑机在工作时，在螺旋翼片的作用下土壤散落至坑的周围，心土完全覆盖了表土，回填后不能满足枣树移栽的特殊农艺要求，需要人工完成挖坑、表土心土分离及回填工艺，工作效率低、劳动强度大。针对这一问题，设计了分层式挖坑机。该分层式挖坑机分为内排式和外排式两种，挖坑时表土暂时分离收集，心土在高速旋转的螺旋翼片作用下散落至离坑较远的周围；挖土工艺结束后，移栽时先将收集的表土回填，再回填心土，实现枣树移栽的特殊农艺要求。试验结果表明，分层式挖坑机能够稳定、可靠地实现表土分离收集功能，移栽回填后的土壤实现了心土在上、表土在下的特殊农艺要求，对于实现枣树挖坑的机械化具有重要意义。
조수이재구유특수농예요구，즉알갱시표토여심토응분개존방，이재회전시선매표토，후매심토。단목전적알갱궤재공작시，재라선익편적작용하토양산락지갱적주위，심토완전복개료표토，회전후불능만족조수이재적특수농예요구，수요인공완성알갱、표토심토분리급회전공예，공작효솔저、노동강도대。침대저일문제，설계료분층식알갱궤。해분층식알갱궤분위내배식화외배식량충，알갱시표토잠시분리수집，심토재고속선전적라선익편작용하산락지리갱교원적주위；알토공예결속후，이재시선장수집적표토회전，재회전심토，실현조수이재적특수농예요구。시험결과표명，분층식알갱궤능구은정、가고지실현표토분리수집공능，이재회전후적토양실현료심토재상、표토재하적특수농예요구，대우실현조수알갱적궤계화구유중요의의。
It has Special agronomic requirements for transplanting of jujube that the topsoil and subsoil should be stored separately , then we can backfill subsoil after topsoil when transplanting jujube .But the current earth auger can not meet special agronomic requirements for transplanting of jujube because soil scatter around the pit under the action of spiral wing .As a result , it is people that dig the pit and make topsoil and subsoil , with low working efficiency and intensity of labor .According to the problem a hierarchical earth auger is designed .This layered earth boring machine include outside type and inside type .Topsoil is separately collected temporarily when digging , however subsoil is scatter far away around the pit under the action of spiral wing of high-speed rotation .Topsoils catter closely around the pit then backfill the col-lected subsoil after topsoil to meet special agronomic requirements for transplanting of jujube .Experimental results show that , hierarchical earth auger can realize the function of making topsoil and subsoil separated and meet the special agro -nomic requirements for transplanting of jujube with subsoil covered by topsoil , and it has important significance for the mechanization of digging pit for jujube .