城市地质
城市地質
성시지질
URBAN GEOLOGY
2014年
1期
38-42
,共5页
地下水质量评价%地下水水化学%延庆盆地%F值法
地下水質量評價%地下水水化學%延慶盆地%F值法
지하수질량평개%지하수수화학%연경분지%F치법
groundwater quality assessment%Yanqing Basin%statistics%method of F value
为准确掌握永定河上游山间盆地地下水质量状况，并从水化学角度探讨其分布特征。基于研究区的地质和水文地质条件，将2008年6月采集的65个地下水样分为浅、中、深层。按照F值评分法进行了分层综合质量评价。并采用数理统计方法，分别计算了上游、中游和下游每一个含水层特征指标算数平均值和方差。开展了TDS、Ca2+、NO3-和硬度与取样深度的相关性分析。结果表明，延庆盆地内水样基本均属于偏碱性水，垂向上，延庆盆地地下水由浅到深，地下水水质逐渐变好，且随着深度增大，水样的pH值有增大趋势。横向上，上游地下水水质好于中游，中游好于下游；深层地下水已经出现较差和极差点。在上游地区基本以HCO3-Ca·Mg为主，水质趋同性好，分层特征较弱；在中游地区，大部分中层地下水中的Na+浓度升高，开始出现HCO3-Ca·Na·Mg型，水质分层特征明显。到了下游地区， Na+和Mg2+浓度快速升高，许多水样表现为HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca型和HCO3·SO4-Na·Ca·Mg型。越往下游，地下水的化学组分更趋于复杂，一方面表征了其多源输入的特征，另一方面反映了人类活动影响强度的增强。
為準確掌握永定河上遊山間盆地地下水質量狀況，併從水化學角度探討其分佈特徵。基于研究區的地質和水文地質條件，將2008年6月採集的65箇地下水樣分為淺、中、深層。按照F值評分法進行瞭分層綜閤質量評價。併採用數理統計方法，分彆計算瞭上遊、中遊和下遊每一箇含水層特徵指標算數平均值和方差。開展瞭TDS、Ca2+、NO3-和硬度與取樣深度的相關性分析。結果錶明，延慶盆地內水樣基本均屬于偏堿性水，垂嚮上，延慶盆地地下水由淺到深，地下水水質逐漸變好，且隨著深度增大，水樣的pH值有增大趨勢。橫嚮上，上遊地下水水質好于中遊，中遊好于下遊；深層地下水已經齣現較差和極差點。在上遊地區基本以HCO3-Ca·Mg為主，水質趨同性好，分層特徵較弱；在中遊地區，大部分中層地下水中的Na+濃度升高，開始齣現HCO3-Ca·Na·Mg型，水質分層特徵明顯。到瞭下遊地區， Na+和Mg2+濃度快速升高，許多水樣錶現為HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca型和HCO3·SO4-Na·Ca·Mg型。越往下遊，地下水的化學組分更趨于複雜，一方麵錶徵瞭其多源輸入的特徵，另一方麵反映瞭人類活動影響彊度的增彊。
위준학장악영정하상유산간분지지하수질량상황，병종수화학각도탐토기분포특정。기우연구구적지질화수문지질조건，장2008년6월채집적65개지하수양분위천、중、심층。안조F치평분법진행료분층종합질량평개。병채용수리통계방법，분별계산료상유、중유화하유매일개함수층특정지표산수평균치화방차。개전료TDS、Ca2+、NO3-화경도여취양심도적상관성분석。결과표명，연경분지내수양기본균속우편감성수，수향상，연경분지지하수유천도심，지하수수질축점변호，차수착심도증대，수양적pH치유증대추세。횡향상，상유지하수수질호우중유，중유호우하유；심층지하수이경출현교차화겁차점。재상유지구기본이HCO3-Ca·Mg위주，수질추동성호，분층특정교약；재중유지구，대부분중층지하수중적Na+농도승고，개시출현HCO3-Ca·Na·Mg형，수질분층특정명현。도료하유지구， Na+화Mg2+농도쾌속승고，허다수양표현위HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca형화HCO3·SO4-Na·Ca·Mg형。월왕하유，지하수적화학조분경추우복잡，일방면표정료기다원수입적특정，령일방면반영료인류활동영향강도적증강。
In order to evaluate the groundwater quality of Yongding River upstream mountain basin and to discuss the characteristics of its distribution by the view of hydrochemistry, a total of 65 groundwater samples, collected within YanQing basin in the dry period of 2008 according to the geological and hydrogeololgical condition of Yanqing basin, were classify shallow, middle and deep groundwater respectively. Based on the data, the groundwater quality is evaluated by the method of F value. The mean and variance of main chemical constituens of groundwater samples were presented.. Also , the relationship between the depth of the samples and the concentration of TDS,Ca2+, Cl-, NO3-,pH, EC, hardness were analysed. The results show that most groundwater belong to Alkaline water. From shallow to middle, and then to deep, the quality of groundwater in Beijing is getting better. In the horizontal, from the fanhead area to middle area and then to the edge of the fan, groundwater become worse. The worst groundwater samples, i.e. V class of groundwater have been appeared in deep groundwater aquifer.At the fanhead area, the consternation of groundwater is low, the Layered characteristics is not very obvious, the watertype is HCO3-Ca·Mg mainly. At the middle area of the basin, the consternation of Na+and Cl- become higher, HCO3-Ca·Na·Mg water appear, the difference of different aquifers is becoming obvious. The groundwater at the edge of the fan appeared complex relatively, several samples were HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca and HCO3· SO4-Na·Ca·Mg, this results is identical with the Characteristics of the multi-source input on the other hand, this reflect the influence of human activities intensity enhancement.
