CAJ | 학술논문

　　为了筛选获得具除草潜力的病原真菌菌株，经形态学观察和18s rDNA ITS序列分析，6株分离自感病六蕊假稻的菌株被鉴定为稻平脐蠕孢Bipolaris oryzae。采用培养皿生测法和盆栽生测法分别评价其发酵液毒素和菌丝体悬浮液的除草活性，同时用盆栽生测法测定了菌丝体悬浮液对主要作物的安全性。试验结果表明：6株稻平脐蠕孢培养14 d的发酵液对稗草根长、芽长均有很高的抑制作用，根长和芽长最高抑制率分别为100%和80.38%。培养7 d的菌丝体悬浮液对稗草的感病率、感病指数、株高抑制率、鲜重抑制率最高可达100%、72.00、50.29%和63.31%。6株稻平脐蠕孢菌丝体悬浮液对稗草、千金子、六蕊假稻、鸭舌草、矮慈姑、野荸荠具有不同程度的致病性，对双穗雀稗、异性莎草、看麦娘不致病。6株稻平脐蠕孢对主要农作物安全或致病性很弱，具有进一步开发为生物除草剂的潜力。
　　위료사선획득구제초잠력적병원진균균주，경형태학관찰화18s rDNA ITS서렬분석，6주분리자감병륙예가도적균주피감정위도평제연포Bipolaris oryzae。채용배양명생측법화분재생측법분별평개기발효액독소화균사체현부액적제초활성，동시용분재생측법측정료균사체현부액대주요작물적안전성。시험결과표명：6주도평제연포배양14 d적발효액대패초근장、아장균유흔고적억제작용，근장화아장최고억제솔분별위100%화80.38%。배양7 d적균사체현부액대패초적감병솔、감병지수、주고억제솔、선중억제솔최고가체100%、72.00、50.29%화63.31%。6주도평제연포균사체현부액대패초、천금자、륙예가도、압설초、왜자고、야발제구유불동정도적치병성，대쌍수작패、이성사초、간맥낭불치병。6주도평제연포대주요농작물안전혹치병성흔약，구유진일보개발위생물제초제적잠력。
In order to obtain potential pathogenic fungi for biological control of weeds, we isolated from natural-infected Leersia hexandra six strains which was then identified as Bipolaris oryzae via morphology and rDNA ITS sequence analysis. Herbicidal activity of toxins in culture filtrates and mycelial suspension were evaluated by petri dish and pot bioassay, and the safety to main crops of mycelia suspension was also tested using pot bioassay. Results showed that the 14 day culture filtrates of the six strains were highly inhibitory against growth of barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. , with inhibitory rate of 100%on roots and 80.38%on shoots respectively. Disease incidence, disease infection index, inhibition rates of plant height and fresh weight of barnyardgrass treated with 7 day mycelia suspension reached 100%, 72 , 50.29%and 63.31%, respectively. The 7 day mycelia suspension was pathogenic with various degrees to E. crusgalli, Leptochloa chinensis, L. hexandra, Monochoria vaginalis, Sagittaria pygmaea and Eleocharis plantaginerformis, but not pathogenic to Paspalum distichum, Cyperus difformis and Alopecurus aequalis. The six strains were safe or weak pathogenic to main crops, and showed potential as biological herbicides.