CAJ | 학술논문

5月中下旬繁殖季节,用方正银鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio）的卵子分别与麦穗鱼（Pseudorasbora parva）（方正银鲫♀×麦穗鱼♂,简称FM）、方正银鲫（方正银鲫♀×方正银鲫♂,FF）和荷包红鲤（Cyprinus carpio）（方正银鲫♀×荷包红鲤♂,FH）的精子进行人工授精,孵出的仔鱼在网箱中饲养,测定和统计各组子代的存活率、绝对增重率和性比等。结果表明：FF子代的成活率（91.15±1.78%）极显著地高于FM（87.50±2.13%）和FH（85.00±1.04%）（P〈0.01）,FM和FH之间差异不显著（P〉0.05）;FM（20.17±4.33 g）、FH（23.13±3.58 g）子代的出池体质量显著高于FF（18.90±3.82 g）（P〈0.05）,无论雌性还是雄性子代,组间差异均极显著（P〈0.01）,而组内、性别间生长差异不显著（P〉0.05）;FM（99%）、FF（73%）和FH（99%）子代的雌性百分比明显偏向雌性（P〈0.01）,且组间差异极显著,异源精子受精后子代中雌鱼比例明显增高（P〈0.01）。本研究结果证明：银鲫生长性状中存在＂异精效应＂,异源精子对子代的存活率和性别比例有显著影响,对生产中积极利用异源精子提供了数据支持。
5월중하순번식계절,용방정은즉（Carassius auratus gibelio）적란자분별여맥수어（Pseudorasbora parva）（방정은즉♀×맥수어♂,간칭FM）、방정은즉（방정은즉♀×방정은즉♂,FF）화하포홍리（Cyprinus carpio）（방정은즉♀×하포홍리♂,FH）적정자진행인공수정,부출적자어재망상중사양,측정화통계각조자대적존활솔、절대증중솔화성비등。결과표명：FF자대적성활솔（91.15±1.78%）겁현저지고우FM（87.50±2.13%）화FH（85.00±1.04%）（P〈0.01）,FM화FH지간차이불현저（P〉0.05）;FM（20.17±4.33 g）、FH（23.13±3.58 g）자대적출지체질량현저고우FF（18.90±3.82 g）（P〈0.05）,무론자성환시웅성자대,조간차이균겁현저（P〈0.01）,이조내、성별간생장차이불현저（P〉0.05）;FM（99%）、FF（73%）화FH（99%）자대적자성백분비명현편향자성（P〈0.01）,차조간차이겁현저,이원정자수정후자대중자어비례명현증고（P〈0.01）。본연구결과증명：은즉생장성상중존재＂이정효응＂,이원정자대자대적존활솔화성별비례유현저영향,대생산중적겁이용이원정자제공료수거지지。
The eggs of Fangzheng silver crucian carp(Carassius auratus auratus) as gynogenetic crucian carp were activated by homogenous and by heterogeneous(common carp Cyprinus carpio and topmouth gudgeon Pseudoroashora parva) sperm,forming three offsprings Fangzheng silver crucian carp ♀× Fangzheng silver crucian carp♂(FF),Fangzheng silver crucian carp ♀× common carp ♂(FH) and Fangzheng silver crucian carp♀× topmouth gudgeon♂(FM).The fry of the three offsprings were reared in net cages disposed in a pond,and the survival,growth and sexual ratio were compared.The survival of FF((91.15±1.78)%) fry was shown to be very significantly higher than that in FM(87.50±2.13%)and FH(85.00±1.04%)(P〈0.01).The juveniles in FM(20.17±4.33 g) and FH(23.13±3.58 g) had significantly higher final body weight than that in FF(18.90±3.82 g)(P〈0.05).There were very significantly higher female proportion in the offsprings(99% in FM,73% in FF and 99% in FH)(P〈0.01).The results approved the biological effects of heterogametes and will be useful for the utilization of heterogametes.