CAJ | 학술논문

间作是一种能集约利用光、热、肥、水等自然资源的种植方式,不同间作模式对作物群体光能利用率产生的影响不同。以单作玉米和单作大豆为对照,在玉米与大豆2∶2、2∶3和2∶4间作模式下,分析了不同种植模式对玉米和大豆光合特性指标的影响。结果表明：间作能够提高玉米的光能利用率,光合速率、叶绿素含量和叶面积指数分别较单作提高了22.4%～24.7%、9.2%～12.0%和0.9%～3.5%,其中光合速率和叶绿素含量差异达到了显著水平;间作降低了大豆的光能利用率,光合速率、叶绿素含量和叶面积指数分别较单作降低了3.5%～12.6%、1.6%～4.0%和0.3%～0.5%,但差异均不显著。在玉米-大豆间作复合体系中,随着玉米大行距的增大,玉米的叶绿素含量和叶面积指数均逐渐提高,光合速率呈先提高后降低趋势并以玉米与大豆2∶3间作复合体系最高;大豆的光合速率、叶绿素含量和叶面积指数均逐渐提高,但3种间作模式间的光合特性指标差异均不显著。综合分析认为,采用玉米与大豆2∶3间作模式,玉米-大豆间作体系的光能利用率最高。
간작시일충능집약이용광、열、비、수등자연자원적충식방식,불동간작모식대작물군체광능이용솔산생적영향불동。이단작옥미화단작대두위대조,재옥미여대두2∶2、2∶3화2∶4간작모식하,분석료불동충식모식대옥미화대두광합특성지표적영향。결과표명：간작능구제고옥미적광능이용솔,광합속솔、협록소함량화협면적지수분별교단작제고료22.4%～24.7%、9.2%～12.0%화0.9%～3.5%,기중광합속솔화협록소함량차이체도료현저수평;간작강저료대두적광능이용솔,광합속솔、협록소함량화협면적지수분별교단작강저료3.5%～12.6%、1.6%～4.0%화0.3%～0.5%,단차이균불현저。재옥미-대두간작복합체계중,수착옥미대행거적증대,옥미적협록소함량화협면적지수균축점제고,광합속솔정선제고후강저추세병이옥미여대두2∶3간작복합체계최고;대두적광합속솔、협록소함량화협면적지수균축점제고,단3충간작모식간적광합특성지표차이균불현저。종합분석인위,채용옥미여대두2∶3간작모식,옥미-대두간작체계적광능이용솔최고。
Intercropping was a kind of planting mode which could intensively use light, heat, fertilizer, water and other natural resources. Different intercropping modes had different influence on the light energy utilization rate of crop group. Under the maize-soybean intercropping mode of 2:2, 2:3 and 2:4, taking single cropped maize and single cropped soybean as the control, the effects of different planting modes on the photosynthetic characteristic indexes of maize and soybean were studied. The results showed that intercropping could improve the light energy utilization rate of maize. The photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and leaf area index of intereropped maize increased by 22.4% - 24. 7% , 9.2% - 12.0% and 0. 9% - 3.5% , respectively than single cropped maize, and the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content differences were significant. Intereropping decreased the light energy utilization rate of soybean. The photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and leaf area index of intereropped soybean decreased by 3.5% - 12.6% , 1.6% - 4.0% and 0. 3% - 0. 5% , respectively than single cropped soybean, while the differences were all not significant. In maize and soybean intercropping system, with the increasing of large row spacing of maize, the chlorophyll content and leaf area index of maize increased, the photosynthetic rate of maize increased at first and decreased later, it was the highest in the intercropping system of 2:3, and the photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content and leaf area index of soybean increased, while the differences in the photosynthetic characteristics indexes among three intercropping modes were all not significant. The light energy utilization rate of maize and soybean intercropping system of 2:3 was the highest.