CAJ | 학술논문

错案的主体指刑事诉讼中的专门机关,其过程涉及刑事诉讼的各个阶段,原因包括违反法律程序、适用法律错误和不当执法等,对象包括＂正当程序错误＂和＂放纵犯罪错误＂。各种侦查措施的具体适用都可能导致错误,实践中侦查措施适用形成的错误与刑事错案有着密切的关系：不当适用侦查措施可能导致错案;依法适用侦查措施可能导致错案;违法适用侦查措施不必然导致错案;单一错误的证据材料可能为错案的形成留下隐患;单一错误的鉴定可能在错案形成中常起到关键作用。通过推进执法规范化,有助于避免侦查措施适用中可能造成的证据材料失真,进而从源头上避免错案。
착안적주체지형사소송중적전문궤관,기과정섭급형사소송적각개계단,원인포괄위반법률정서、괄용법률착오화불당집법등,대상포괄＂정당정서착오＂화＂방종범죄착오＂。각충정사조시적구체괄용도가능도치착오,실천중정사조시괄용형성적착오여형사착안유착밀절적관계：불당괄용정사조시가능도치착안;의법괄용정사조시가능도치착안;위법괄용정사조시불필연도치착안;단일착오적증거재료가능위착안적형성류하은환;단일착오적감정가능재착안형성중상기도관건작용。통과추진집법규범화,유조우피면정사조시괄용중가능조성적증거재료실진,진이종원두상피면착안。
The subjects of misjudged criminal cases refer to specialized organs in criminal proceedings which involve different phases of criminal proceedings. Misjudged criminal cases may be caused by violation of legal procedures, misuse of laws and improper law enforcement. Specific application of investigative measures may cause errors which are closely related to misjudged criminal cases. Improper application of investigative measures may cause misjudged criminal cases. Applying investigative measures according to laws may also cause misjudged criminal cases. Illegal use of investigative measures does not necessarily cause misjudged criminal cases. Evidence of single error may be potential danger for future misjudged criminal cases and the verification of single error plays a key role in the occurrence of misjudged criminal cases. To standardize the law enforcement helps to avoid incorrect evidence caused by the allocation of investigative measures and thus avoid misjudged criminal cases from their source.