CAJ | 학술논문

实际运行环境中表面沉积污秽的支柱绝缘子在雨天气候条件下发生的污雨闪络是影响电站外绝缘安全稳定的重要因素。针对换流站支柱绝缘子的污雨闪问题，对涂有人工模拟自然污秽的支柱绝缘子试品，在人工模拟雨水的条件下完成大量的闪络试验，对支柱绝缘子的直流污雨闪特性及机理进行研究。通过对试验现象的观察发现：由支柱绝缘子伞裙边缘的水滴电晕引发的伞间空气击穿放电在绝缘子整个污雨闪的过程中具有重要地位；污雨闪试验过程中支柱绝缘子表面的干区及受潮状态与雾中污闪试验不同，导致沿面放电特点与污闪不同。此外，基于经典绝缘子污闪放电模型，建立描述支柱绝缘子污雨闪的放电模型，其中考虑了由水滴电晕引发的伞间空气间隙放电的作用。最后，对支柱绝缘子的污雨闪电压和污闪电压进行了比较，试验得到前者普遍高于后者，并分析二者存在差异的原因，其中支柱绝缘子的伞形结构对结果有明显影响。所做研究可为高压直流换流站外绝缘的设计、运行与维护提供技术参考。
실제운행배경중표면침적오예적지주절연자재우천기후조건하발생적오우섬락시영향전참외절연안전은정적중요인소。침대환류참지주절연자적오우섬문제，대도유인공모의자연오예적지주절연자시품，재인공모의우수적조건하완성대량적섬락시험，대지주절연자적직류오우섬특성급궤리진행연구。통과대시험현상적관찰발현：유지주절연자산군변연적수적전훈인발적산간공기격천방전재절연자정개오우섬적과정중구유중요지위；오우섬시험과정중지주절연자표면적간구급수조상태여무중오섬시험불동，도치연면방전특점여오섬불동。차외，기우경전절연자오섬방전모형，건립묘술지주절연자오우섬적방전모형，기중고필료유수적전훈인발적산간공기간극방전적작용。최후，대지주절연자적오우섬전압화오섬전압진행료비교，시험득도전자보편고우후자，병분석이자존재차이적원인，기중지주절연자적산형결구대결과유명현영향。소주연구가위고압직류환류참외절연적설계、운행여유호제공기술삼고。
The pollution flashover of post insulators in moist weather is an important factor which affects the external insulation of HVDC converter stations. This paper carried out a lot of contamination flashover tests of converter station post insulators in artificial rain. The discharge characteristics and flashover process of polluted post insulator in rain were obtained. According to the observation of test phenomena, it was found that the breakdown between shed caused by the water-drop discharge on the shed edge played a very important role in the rain pollution flashover process. Due to the different damp bound and dry bound condition, surface discharge characteristics of post insulators in rain were different from those in fog. Furthermore, based on the classical model of pollution flashover of the insulator, a model to describe the dc flashover process of the post insulator in rain was carried out. Moreover, U50%values of composite post insulators in fog were compared with those and in rain. And the U50% values in fog were generally higher than those in rain. However, the post insulator’s shed geometry had a significant influence on the U50%. This work can provide theoretical support for external insulation design and maintenance of HVDC converter stations.