中华地方病学杂志
中華地方病學雜誌
중화지방병학잡지
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
2014年
1期
56-59
,共4页
陈培忠%云中杰%李亨祥%翟丽屏%王玉涛%高红旭%高杰%尹玉岩
陳培忠%雲中傑%李亨祥%翟麗屏%王玉濤%高紅旭%高傑%尹玉巖
진배충%운중걸%리형상%적려병%왕옥도%고홍욱%고걸%윤옥암
饮水%氟化物中毒%监测%数据收集
飲水%氟化物中毒%鑑測%數據收集
음수%불화물중독%감측%수거수집
Drinking%Fluoride poisoning%Surveillance%Data collection
目的 了解山东省地方性氟中毒(地氟病)病区改水降氟工程水氟含量及病区重点监测村居民饮水氟含量和病情现状,观察落实防治措施产生的预防效果.方法 按《山东省地方性氟中毒重点监测方案》的要求,于2007-2011年在山东省高密市、博兴县、嘉祥县、郓城县、梁山县分别抽取100处改水工程(不足100处时全部抽取),检查改水工程水氟含量.同时,在上述县(市)各抽2～3个重病村作为监测点,检测居民饮水氟含量和各村全部8～ 12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况及部分儿童尿氟含量.水、尿氟检测采用离子选择性电极法,氟斑牙诊断采用Dean法.结果 2007-2011年,在5个县(市)共检测改水工程水氟含量1 833处,水氟总超标率(＞ 1.0 mg/L)为42.50％(779/1 833),水氟最大值为6.27 mg/L.2007-2011年,重点监测村居民饮水氟含量分别是(2.57±1.78)、(2.53±1.64)、(2.11±1.29)、(2.03±1.33)、(1.96±1.66)mg/L,各年间水氟超标率比较差异无统计学意义(x2=3.09,P＞ 0.05).8～ 12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率分别为86.17％(760/882)、84.31％(473/561)、79.70％(534/670)、80.14％(549/685)、72.48％(432/596),各年间检出率比较差异有统计学意义(×2=48.39,P＜0.01);氟斑牙指数分别是1.94、1.88、1.66、1.56、1.48;儿童尿氟几何均数均超过群体正常上限值(1.40 mg/L),分别为3.14、3.67、2.18、3.04、2.45 mg/L,平均为2.85 mg/L.结论 监测县(市)降氟改水工程水氟超标仍较严重,儿童氟斑牙检出率虽有下降,但儿童尿氟水平各年度均超过正常上限.地氟病尚未得到完全控制,应继续强化降氟改水防控措施.
目的 瞭解山東省地方性氟中毒(地氟病)病區改水降氟工程水氟含量及病區重點鑑測村居民飲水氟含量和病情現狀,觀察落實防治措施產生的預防效果.方法 按《山東省地方性氟中毒重點鑑測方案》的要求,于2007-2011年在山東省高密市、博興縣、嘉祥縣、鄆城縣、樑山縣分彆抽取100處改水工程(不足100處時全部抽取),檢查改水工程水氟含量.同時,在上述縣(市)各抽2～3箇重病村作為鑑測點,檢測居民飲水氟含量和各村全部8～ 12歲兒童氟斑牙患病情況及部分兒童尿氟含量.水、尿氟檢測採用離子選擇性電極法,氟斑牙診斷採用Dean法.結果 2007-2011年,在5箇縣(市)共檢測改水工程水氟含量1 833處,水氟總超標率(＞ 1.0 mg/L)為42.50％(779/1 833),水氟最大值為6.27 mg/L.2007-2011年,重點鑑測村居民飲水氟含量分彆是(2.57±1.78)、(2.53±1.64)、(2.11±1.29)、(2.03±1.33)、(1.96±1.66)mg/L,各年間水氟超標率比較差異無統計學意義(x2=3.09,P＞ 0.05).8～ 12歲兒童氟斑牙檢齣率分彆為86.17％(760/882)、84.31％(473/561)、79.70％(534/670)、80.14％(549/685)、72.48％(432/596),各年間檢齣率比較差異有統計學意義(×2=48.39,P＜0.01);氟斑牙指數分彆是1.94、1.88、1.66、1.56、1.48;兒童尿氟幾何均數均超過群體正常上限值(1.40 mg/L),分彆為3.14、3.67、2.18、3.04、2.45 mg/L,平均為2.85 mg/L.結論 鑑測縣(市)降氟改水工程水氟超標仍較嚴重,兒童氟斑牙檢齣率雖有下降,但兒童尿氟水平各年度均超過正常上限.地氟病尚未得到完全控製,應繼續彊化降氟改水防控措施.
목적 료해산동성지방성불중독(지불병)병구개수강불공정수불함량급병구중점감측촌거민음수불함량화병정현상,관찰락실방치조시산생적예방효과.방법 안《산동성지방성불중독중점감측방안》적요구,우2007-2011년재산동성고밀시、박흥현、가상현、운성현、량산현분별추취100처개수공정(불족100처시전부추취),검사개수공정수불함량.동시,재상술현(시)각추2～3개중병촌작위감측점,검측거민음수불함량화각촌전부8～ 12세인동불반아환병정황급부분인동뇨불함량.수、뇨불검측채용리자선택성전겁법,불반아진단채용Dean법.결과 2007-2011년,재5개현(시)공검측개수공정수불함량1 833처,수불총초표솔(＞ 1.0 mg/L)위42.50％(779/1 833),수불최대치위6.27 mg/L.2007-2011년,중점감측촌거민음수불함량분별시(2.57±1.78)、(2.53±1.64)、(2.11±1.29)、(2.03±1.33)、(1.96±1.66)mg/L,각년간수불초표솔비교차이무통계학의의(x2=3.09,P＞ 0.05).8～ 12세인동불반아검출솔분별위86.17％(760/882)、84.31％(473/561)、79.70％(534/670)、80.14％(549/685)、72.48％(432/596),각년간검출솔비교차이유통계학의의(×2=48.39,P＜0.01);불반아지수분별시1.94、1.88、1.66、1.56、1.48;인동뇨불궤하균수균초과군체정상상한치(1.40 mg/L),분별위3.14、3.67、2.18、3.04、2.45 mg/L,평균위2.85 mg/L.결론 감측현(시)강불개수공정수불초표잉교엄중,인동불반아검출솔수유하강,단인동뇨불수평각년도균초과정상상한.지불병상미득도완전공제,응계속강화강불개수방공조시.
Objective To investigate the present situation of water-improving projects and water fluoride level as well as the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in five monitored counties of Shandong Province from 2007 to 2011,and to observe the effectiveness of prevention and control measures.Methods In 2007-2011,according to "Shandong Province Key-point Survey Scheme of Endemic Fluorosis",water fluoride content of 100 waterimproving projects(all were selected if less than 100 projects) was determined in Gaomi City and Boxing,Jiaxiang,Yuncheng and Liangshan Counties of Shandong Province; 3-5 key-point monitoring villages were selected in the endemic fluorosis villages of the five monitoring counties (cities),fluoride concentration of household water samples was determined; prevalence of dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride concentration of children aged 8-12 of all keypoint monitoring villages were investigated.The water and urinary fluoride contents were determined using fluoride ion-selective electrode.Dental fluorosis of children was diagnosed by Deans method.Results In 2007-2011,the water fluoride level of 1 833 water-improving projects was investigated in five monitoring counties(cities),and the total exceeded rate over the national standard (＞ 1.0 mg/L) was 42.50％ (779/1 833) and the highest value of water fluoride was 6.27 mg/L.Mean values of household water fluoride in the key-point monitoring villages in 2007-2011 were (2.57 ± 1.78),(2.53 ± 1.64),(2.11 ± 1.29),(2.03 ± 1.33) and (1.96 ± 1.66) mg/L,respectively.The exceeded rate was not significantly different between each year(x2 =3.09,P ＞ 0.05),In 2007-2011,the detection rates of dental fluorosis of children aged 8-12 were 86.17％ (760/882),84.31％ (473/561),79.70％ (534/670),80.14％ (549/685) and 72.48％ (432/596),respectively; the detection rate of dental fluorosis was significantly different between each year(x2 =48.39,P ＜ 0.01),and dental fluorosis indexes were 1.94,1.88,1.66,1.56 and 1.48,respectively; geometric means of urinary fluoride concentration of children were 3.14,3.67,2.18,3.04 and 2.45 mg/L,respectively,and the mean value of the geometric means was 2.85 mg/L,which was higher than the normal upper limit(1.40 mg/L).Conclusions In each monitored county(city),excessive water fluoride is still a serious problem in the water-improving projects ;although the prevalence of child dental fluorosis has declined,urinary fluoride levels of children are higher than the normal upper limit.Endemic fluorosis has not yet been fully controlled.We should continue to strengthen the prevention and control measures to reduce fluoride in drinking water.
