全球科技经济瞭望
全毬科技經濟瞭望
전구과기경제료망
QUANQIU KEJI JINGJI LIAOWANG
2013年
12期
26-29
,共4页
瑞士%清洁空气政策%PM10%PM2.5%排放控制%减排措施
瑞士%清潔空氣政策%PM10%PM2.5%排放控製%減排措施
서사%청길공기정책%PM10%PM2.5%배방공제%감배조시
Switzerland%clean air policy%PM10%PM2.5%emission control%emission reduction measures
瑞士的环境质量在世界上堪称一流，这得益于瑞士严格执行政府1985年出台的《空气污染管制条例》，在控制 PM10和 PM2.5排放方面，要求明确，措施得当。瑞士 PM10和 PM2.5的最大排放源分别为农林和居住与商业。瑞士在道路交通、铁路、水运和航空运输、施工机械与设备、燃烧、工业设备与生产流程以及农业等领域均采取了一系列的减排措施，如，规定柴油的含硫量不得超过10 mg/kg，各种车辆须加装可以过滤包括 PM2.5的新型高效尾气排放过滤器等等。瑞士的经验表明，有效控制 PM10和 PM2.5的排放量，一是要细化规章制度，二是要有必要的技术手段。
瑞士的環境質量在世界上堪稱一流，這得益于瑞士嚴格執行政府1985年齣檯的《空氣汙染管製條例》，在控製 PM10和 PM2.5排放方麵，要求明確，措施得噹。瑞士 PM10和 PM2.5的最大排放源分彆為農林和居住與商業。瑞士在道路交通、鐵路、水運和航空運輸、施工機械與設備、燃燒、工業設備與生產流程以及農業等領域均採取瞭一繫列的減排措施，如，規定柴油的含硫量不得超過10 mg/kg，各種車輛鬚加裝可以過濾包括 PM2.5的新型高效尾氣排放過濾器等等。瑞士的經驗錶明，有效控製 PM10和 PM2.5的排放量，一是要細化規章製度，二是要有必要的技術手段。
서사적배경질량재세계상감칭일류，저득익우서사엄격집행정부1985년출태적《공기오염관제조례》，재공제 PM10화 PM2.5배방방면，요구명학，조시득당。서사 PM10화 PM2.5적최대배방원분별위농림화거주여상업。서사재도로교통、철로、수운화항공운수、시공궤계여설비、연소、공업설비여생산류정이급농업등영역균채취료일계렬적감배조시，여，규정시유적함류량불득초과10 mg/kg，각충차량수가장가이과려포괄 PM2.5적신형고효미기배방과려기등등。서사적경험표명，유효공제 PM10화 PM2.5적배방량，일시요세화규장제도，이시요유필요적기술수단。
Based on the Air Pollution Control Act of Switzerland released in 1985 and reports on the air quality from Federal Environmental Protection Administration, this article introduces emissions of PM10 and PM2.5 in Switzerland and the related emission control measures taken by the government. The paper lists the 4 main emission sources of PM10 and PM2.5, i.e., emissions from agriculture, forestry, living and business activities, the existing data of PM10 and PM2.5 emissions in 2005 and 2010, as well as the predicted emissions data for 2020. Switzerland is committed to take measures to control PM10 and PM2.5 emissions from transportation systems, construction machinery, and industrial combustion equipments and operations, etc. For example, the sulfur in diesel exceeding 10 mg/kg is not allowed for use; all kinds of vehicles need to be equipped with efficient filters that can reduce exhaust including PM2.5. The experience of Switzerland shows that detailed regulations and advanced technologies are crucial for efficient control of PM2.5 and PM10 emissions.
