CAJ | 학술논문

提利用NCEP 1．0×1．0格点资料、常规天气资料和新一代多普勒雷达等资料，分析辽宁省营口市小石棚乡特大暴雨过程的天气背景和中尺度演变特征。结果表明：（1）太平洋副热带高压（以下简称副高）西伸，强热带风暴梅花登陆后转向西北移动，热带风暴东侧的西南气流将海上充沛的水汽输送到辽宁大部，贝加尔湖弱冷空气沿脊前西北气流南下，这是辽宁营口小石棚乡产生局地特大暴雨的大尺度背景。（2）特大暴雨落区附近探空环境场中存在深厚湿层、狭长的CAPE区域和相对弱的垂直风切变，比较有利于出现强对流降水。（3）强降水发生时，特大暴雨落区不断有新的中尺度对流单体生成，35 dBz回波反射率因子高度达到5 km以上，低空1．5～2．4 km高度径向速度有24 m·s-1的最大风速区存在，低空西北急流变化过程与强降水的强弱变化基本同步，中低层暖湿气流呈气旋辐合起到了触发对流和加强对流的作用，中尺度强对流单体不断生成和中低空西北急流输送充沛的水汽辐合抬升是造成小石棚回波强度超过40 dBz达5 h以上主要原因。同时小石棚乡两山夹一沟的山谷地形条件对此次特大暴雨的发生发展也具有重要影响。
제이용NCEP 1．0×1．0격점자료、상규천기자료화신일대다보륵뢰체등자료，분석요녕성영구시소석붕향특대폭우과정적천기배경화중척도연변특정。결과표명：（1）태평양부열대고압（이하간칭부고）서신，강열대풍폭매화등륙후전향서북이동，열대풍폭동측적서남기류장해상충패적수기수송도료녕대부，패가이호약랭공기연척전서북기류남하，저시료녕영구소석붕향산생국지특대폭우적대척도배경。（2）특대폭우락구부근탐공배경장중존재심후습층、협장적CAPE구역화상대약적수직풍절변，비교유리우출현강대류강수。（3）강강수발생시，특대폭우락구불단유신적중척도대류단체생성，35 dBz회파반사솔인자고도체도5 km이상，저공1．5～2．4 km고도경향속도유24 m·s-1적최대풍속구존재，저공서북급류변화과정여강강수적강약변화기본동보，중저층난습기류정기선복합기도료촉발대류화가강대류적작용，중척도강대류단체불단생성화중저공서북급류수송충패적수기복합태승시조성소석붕회파강도초과40 dBz체5 h이상주요원인。동시소석붕향량산협일구적산곡지형조건대차차특대폭우적발생발전야구유중요영향。
Using NCEP reanalysis data,conventional weather data and Doppler radar data,the characteris-tics of the synoptic and mesoscale meteorological background are analyzed for a torrential rainfall over Xi-aoshipeng Town of Yingkou City in Liaoning Province.The results show that the Pacific subtropical high extends to the west,a strong tropical storm Muifa moves to the northwest after it lands;the southwest airflow at the east side of the tropical storm transports abundant water vapor to Liaoning,and the weak cold air of Baikal Lake moves south along the ridge before the northwest flow impacts Liaoning.Besides the existence of a deep wet layer,a narrow CAPE zone and a relative weak vertical wind sheer are benefi-cial to severe convective rainfall.The new mesoscale convective cells are generated continuously during the heavy rainfall.There exists a maximum wind speed zone of 24 m·s-1 in the lower layer and a strong radar echo with 35 dBz above 5 km.And the variation of the low-level southwest jet is in step with the variation of rainfall intensity.The cyclonic convergence of the warm moist air in the mid-low level triggers and strengthens convection.The nonstop generation of mesoscale severe convective cells and the water vapor transport from the low level northwest jet push the radar echo to above 40 dBz,lasting for more than 5 hours.In addition,the valley torrain has great influence on the torrential rain as well.