CAJ | 학술논문

在设计、搭建的高温高速加速冲蚀试验台上对高参数汽轮机常用的6种喷嘴材料进行了高温抗固体颗粒冲蚀试验研究，并对试验后的材料表面进行了微观分析。研究结果表明：6种喷嘴母材均表现出典型的塑性材料冲蚀特性，最大冲蚀率对应的角度在(24±4)°范围内，速度指数在2.7~3范围，均高于 Finnie 冲蚀模型中的对应数值。在氧化皮颗粒小角度冲蚀下，喷嘴的冲蚀破坏主要是由颗粒的微切削所致。而在大角度冲蚀下，喷嘴材料表面主要受到粒子的正应力作用而产生严重的凿削和塑性变形。通过对试验结果进行系统分析，文中在 Finnie 微切削冲蚀模型的基础上建立了适用于工程实际的高参数汽轮机喷嘴材料抗固体颗粒冲蚀预测模型。该研究结果深化了高参数汽轮机喷嘴高温颗粒冲蚀机制，为综合防治叶栅冲蚀破坏和预测喷嘴高效做功寿命提供了参考。
재설계、탑건적고온고속가속충식시험태상대고삼수기륜궤상용적6충분취재료진행료고온항고체과립충식시험연구，병대시험후적재료표면진행료미관분석。연구결과표명：6충분취모재균표현출전형적소성재료충식특성，최대충식솔대응적각도재(24±4)°범위내，속도지수재2.7~3범위，균고우 Finnie 충식모형중적대응수치。재양화피과립소각도충식하，분취적충식파배주요시유과립적미절삭소치。이재대각도충식하，분취재료표면주요수도입자적정응력작용이산생엄중적착삭화소성변형。통과대시험결과진행계통분석，문중재 Finnie 미절삭충식모형적기출상건립료괄용우공정실제적고삼수기륜궤분취재료항고체과립충식예측모형。해연구결과심화료고삼수기륜궤분취고온과립충식궤제，위종합방치협책충식파배화예측분취고효주공수명제공료삼고。
Based on the high-temperature high-speed accelerated erosion test facility, systematic solid particle erosion tests under high temperature were performed to six kinds of nozzle materials of high-parameter steam turbine, and a microscopic analysis was conducted to the eroded surface of specimens. Results show that:six kinds of the nozzle substrate exhibit typical erosion characteristics of plastic material. The maximum erosion rate angle is in the range of (24± 4)° and the velocity exponent 2.7~3, which are all higher than that of Finnie’s model. Under the small angle impingement of oxide particles, the erosion damage of nozzle was mainly caused by the micro-cutting of particles. While under the large angle impingement, serious chopping and plastic deformation will generate on the surface of the nozzle by the impact positive stress from particles. Through systematic analysis of the test results, an erosion rate model for predicting the solid particle erosion of high-parameters steam turbine nozzles was established based on the existing micro-cutting erosion model from Finnie. The results of the study will deepen the high temperature erosion mechanism of steam turbine nozzles, and provide a basis for comprehensive prevention of solid particle erosion and predicting the high efficiency service life of nozzles.