高校地质学报
高校地質學報
고교지질학보
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF CHINA UNIVERSITIES
2013年
3期
437-446
,共10页
橄榄石%腐蚀像%结晶学定向%岩石组构
橄欖石%腐蝕像%結晶學定嚮%巖石組構
감람석%부식상%결정학정향%암석조구
Olivine%Etch Pits%Crystallographic Orientation%Petrofabrics
利用20%浓度的氢氟酸(HF)对橄榄石晶体不同方向之切面进行了腐蚀实验,以期建立三维立体构型。在晶体上选取垂直任一结晶轴的单形,如(100),(010),(001)等平行双面,(110),(011),(101)等菱方柱和(111)菱方双锥进行了腐蚀实验,由原子力显微镜记录各个切面腐蚀像。结果显示,相同切面上的腐蚀像具有固定的几何形状及角度,且在晶面上的结晶学方向固定。各腐蚀像形状具有共性,即长轴为[010]方向,短轴为[100]方向。由不同切面腐蚀像的变化规律,建立了橄榄石腐蚀像三维立体模型。相同腐蚀剂对不同晶面腐蚀的容易程度差异巨大,以蚀坑在DIC200×下能清晰观察到腐蚀像形态为标准,橄榄石各切面的腐蚀速率为v(010)>v(110)>v(100)>v(111)>v(101)>v(001)>v(011)。由橄榄石晶体腐蚀像的唯一性及其结晶学定向,在橄榄岩切片中将橄榄石颗粒切面指数化,并获得其结晶学定向及结晶优选方向。由此,在大别山碧溪岭石榴子石二辉橄榄岩中推断橄榄石[100]主极密垂直面理面,[010]主极密平行于线理面。腐蚀像所确定的晶体结晶优选性为当地构造动力提供了一定有价值资料,开拓了腐蚀像的地质应用意义。
利用20%濃度的氫氟痠(HF)對橄欖石晶體不同方嚮之切麵進行瞭腐蝕實驗,以期建立三維立體構型。在晶體上選取垂直任一結晶軸的單形,如(100),(010),(001)等平行雙麵,(110),(011),(101)等蔆方柱和(111)蔆方雙錐進行瞭腐蝕實驗,由原子力顯微鏡記錄各箇切麵腐蝕像。結果顯示,相同切麵上的腐蝕像具有固定的幾何形狀及角度,且在晶麵上的結晶學方嚮固定。各腐蝕像形狀具有共性,即長軸為[010]方嚮,短軸為[100]方嚮。由不同切麵腐蝕像的變化規律,建立瞭橄欖石腐蝕像三維立體模型。相同腐蝕劑對不同晶麵腐蝕的容易程度差異巨大,以蝕坑在DIC200×下能清晰觀察到腐蝕像形態為標準,橄欖石各切麵的腐蝕速率為v(010)>v(110)>v(100)>v(111)>v(101)>v(001)>v(011)。由橄欖石晶體腐蝕像的唯一性及其結晶學定嚮,在橄欖巖切片中將橄欖石顆粒切麵指數化,併穫得其結晶學定嚮及結晶優選方嚮。由此,在大彆山碧溪嶺石榴子石二輝橄欖巖中推斷橄欖石[100]主極密垂直麵理麵,[010]主極密平行于線理麵。腐蝕像所確定的晶體結晶優選性為噹地構造動力提供瞭一定有價值資料,開拓瞭腐蝕像的地質應用意義。
이용20%농도적경불산(HF)대감람석정체불동방향지절면진행료부식실험,이기건립삼유입체구형。재정체상선취수직임일결정축적단형,여(100),(010),(001)등평행쌍면,(110),(011),(101)등릉방주화(111)릉방쌍추진행료부식실험,유원자력현미경기록각개절면부식상。결과현시,상동절면상적부식상구유고정적궤하형상급각도,차재정면상적결정학방향고정。각부식상형상구유공성,즉장축위[010]방향,단축위[100]방향。유불동절면부식상적변화규률,건립료감람석부식상삼유입체모형。상동부식제대불동정면부식적용역정도차이거대,이식갱재DIC200×하능청석관찰도부식상형태위표준,감람석각절면적부식속솔위v(010)>v(110)>v(100)>v(111)>v(101)>v(001)>v(011)。유감람석정체부식상적유일성급기결정학정향,재감람암절편중장감람석과립절면지수화,병획득기결정학정향급결정우선방향。유차,재대별산벽계령석류자석이휘감람암중추단감람석[100]주겁밀수직면리면,[010]주겁밀평행우선리면。부식상소학정적정체결정우선성위당지구조동력제공료일정유개치자료,개탁료부식상적지질응용의의。
Chemical etching with 20%HF (HF+distilled water, volume rate) at room temperature was studied on seven sections of olivine crystals, i.e., parallel twin (100), (010), (001), rhombic prism (110), (011), (101) and rhombic dipyramid (111) sections. AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) and DIC (Differential Interference Contrast Microscope) methods were used to analyze these etched sections . With a fixed shape and angle, etch figures were different in each case, but all are elongated to [010] and shortened to [100]. The face indices and the crystallographic orientation of a single crystal were only determined by the specific etch figures, also in rocks. Meanwhile, the etch figure symmetry displayed the point group mmm of olivine. Measured by a specific shape in DIC 200×, the reaction rate of the seven sections was v(010)>v(110)>v(100)>v(111)>v(101)>v(001)>v(011). Classified the etched random grain section indices identified by typical etch figure, the crystallographic preferred orientation of olivine grains in peridotites from Bixiling in Dabieshan areas, was defined as having strong maxima of [100],subnormal to the foliation,and strong maxima of [010],subparallel to the lineation. These observations may suggest that specific tectonic events affected the peridotites at the localities.