CAJ | 학술논문

在连续4年有机无机氮肥配施试验基础上，设置不同冬小麦品种研究氮肥类型（无机肥氮、有机肥氮以及有机肥氮与无机肥氮配施）和用量（ N 0、45、90、120、180和240 kg/hm2）对冬小麦子粒品质的影响。结果表明，中穗型品种石麦15和大穗型品种潍麦8的子粒产量和各项品质指标差异显著，其中石麦15的产量、沉降值、形成时间和稳定时间分别比潍麦8高12.62％、5.09％、5.85％、25.35％，而粗蛋白、湿面筋和吸水率则比潍麦8显著低11.03％、15.51％、5.49％。子粒产量、粗蛋白、湿面筋和沉降值及形成时间与植株吸氮量极显著正相关，吸水率和稳定时间与植株吸氮量的相关性较差。单施无机氮180 kg/hm2（0/180处理）和240 kg/hm2（0/240处理）及有机无机氮配施240 kg/hm2（120/120处理）植株吸氮量最高且三者差异不显著，而单施有机氮240 kg/hm2（240/0处理）植株吸氮量显著低于0/180、0/240和120/120处理。施氮量小于240 kg/hm2时等氮量比较，单施无机氮吸氮量大于有机无机配施，单施有机氮最小；且施氮量越低，不同施氮类型间吸氮量差异越小。两品种均在单施无机氮180和240 kg/hm2时产量最高且各项品质指标最优，有机无机氮配施120/120处理对比等量无机氮单施0/240处理产量不降低且品质指标不下降，单施有机氮240/0处理产量和子粒品质都较0/240和120/120处理差；施氮量低于240 kg/hm2时，单施无机氮处理的产量和各项品质指标优于有机无机配施，有机无机配施又优于单施有机氮，这与有机肥供氮不足有关。
재련속4년유궤무궤담비배시시험기출상，설치불동동소맥품충연구담비류형（무궤비담、유궤비담이급유궤비담여무궤비담배시）화용량（ N 0、45、90、120、180화240 kg/hm2）대동소맥자립품질적영향。결과표명，중수형품충석맥15화대수형품충유맥8적자립산량화각항품질지표차이현저，기중석맥15적산량、침강치、형성시간화은정시간분별비유맥8고12.62％、5.09％、5.85％、25.35％，이조단백、습면근화흡수솔칙비유맥8현저저11.03％、15.51％、5.49％。자립산량、조단백、습면근화침강치급형성시간여식주흡담량겁현저정상관，흡수솔화은정시간여식주흡담량적상관성교차。단시무궤담180 kg/hm2（0/180처리）화240 kg/hm2（0/240처리）급유궤무궤담배시240 kg/hm2（120/120처리）식주흡담량최고차삼자차이불현저，이단시유궤담240 kg/hm2（240/0처리）식주흡담량현저저우0/180、0/240화120/120처리。시담량소우240 kg/hm2시등담량비교，단시무궤담흡담량대우유궤무궤배시，단시유궤담최소；차시담량월저，불동시담류형간흡담량차이월소。량품충균재단시무궤담180화240 kg/hm2시산량최고차각항품질지표최우，유궤무궤담배시120/120처리대비등량무궤담단시0/240처리산량불강저차품질지표불하강，단시유궤담240/0처리산량화자립품질도교0/240화120/120처리차；시담량저우240 kg/hm2시，단시무궤담처리적산량화각항품질지표우우유궤무궤배시，유궤무궤배시우우우단시유궤담，저여유궤비공담불족유관。
A 4 years organic and inorganic N combined application experiment was conducted to study the effects of N input types and rates on the grain yield and quality of different winter wheat cultivars .Three N input types (organic N, inorganic N, organic N combined with inorganic N), six N input rates(N 0, 45, 90, 120, 180, 240 kg/ha) and two winter wheat cultivars ( Shimai 15 and Weimai 8) were selected in this paper .The results showed that cultivars, N input types and rates had significant effects on grain yield and quality parameters .The grain yield, sedimentation value , development time , stability time of Shimai 15 were 12.62%, 5.09%, 5.85%, 25.35%higher than those of Weimai 8, crude protein, wet gluten and water absorption of Shimai 15 were 11.03%, 15.51%, 5.49%lower than those of Weimai 8.The grain yield, crude protein, wet gluten, sedimentation value and development time were significantly positive correlated with plant N uptake , while the water absorption and stability time had low correlations with plant N uptake .The treatments of 0/180 and 0/240 ( inorganic N 180 and 240 kg/ha) had the highest plant N uptakes and grain yields and improved grain quality which were also true in the treatment of 120/120(combined organic N 120 kg/ha with inorganic N 120 kg/ha).When organic N was single applied, all the high(240 kg/ha), middle(120 kg/ha) and low(45 kg/ha) N input rates had the lowest plant N uptake and grain yields and quality compared to the same N input rate of inorganic N single application and organic and inorganic N combined application due to the low nitrogen supply capacity of manure .