CAJ | 학술논문

比较吡虫啉、啶虫脒、烯啶虫胺、噻虫啉、噻虫嗪、噻虫胺、氯噻啉、呋虫胺等8个烟碱类杀虫剂的生物活性，为科学应用提供参考。采用浸渍法、浸稻苗法、浸叶碟法等对豆蚜、褐飞虱、二化螟、小菜蛾进行室内毒力测定，对活性进行分组，并进行了结构与活性关系初步分析。结果表明：烟碱类药剂对豆蚜 LC50值为0.0314～0.3505 mg/L，对抗吡虫啉的褐飞虱 LC50值为0.5657～49.4046 mg/L，对二化螟 LC50值为7.5176～139.0369 mg/L，对小菜蛾 LC50值为10.5334～100 mg/L。烟碱基闭环与开环、取代杂环等结构特点对药剂活性有影响。烟碱类药剂对同翅目害虫的活性显著优于对鳞翅目害虫的活性。在实际应用中可以采取轮用策略和兼治策略推进药剂的科学合理使用，还可加强研发种子处理剂等。
비교필충람、정충미、희정충알、새충람、새충진、새충알、록새람、부충알등8개연감류살충제적생물활성，위과학응용제공삼고。채용침지법、침도묘법、침협설법등대두아、갈비슬、이화명、소채아진행실내독력측정，대활성진행분조，병진행료결구여활성관계초보분석。결과표명：연감류약제대두아 LC50치위0.0314～0.3505 mg/L，대항필충람적갈비슬 LC50치위0.5657～49.4046 mg/L，대이화명 LC50치위7.5176～139.0369 mg/L，대소채아 LC50치위10.5334～100 mg/L。연감기폐배여개배、취대잡배등결구특점대약제활성유영향。연감류약제대동시목해충적활성현저우우대린시목해충적활성。재실제응용중가이채취륜용책략화겸치책략추진약제적과학합리사용，환가가강연발충자처리제등。
In order to provide reference for scientific application, the biological activities of 8 neonicotinoid insecticides were compared, including imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, imidaclothiz and dinotefuran. The bioassays were carried out by dipping method for bean aphid (BA), rice seedling dipping method for brown planthopper (BP) or striped rice borer (SRB), and leaf disk dipping method for diamondback moth (DM). The testing data were grouped, and the relations between structure and biological activity were analyzed. The LC50 values of these neonicotinoid insecticides were 0.031 4-0.350 5 mg/L to BA,0.565 7-49.404 6 mg/L to BP, 7.517 6-139.036 9 mg/L to SRB,and 10.533 4-100 mg/L to DM, respectively. Insecticide activities were influenced by closed-loop or opened-loop of nicotinyl and substituted heterocyclic, etc. The activities on homopteran were significantly superior to lepidopteran. Rotation and double administration could promote the scientific and reasonable use of these insecticides in practical applications, and the technology of seed treatment is really worth paying attention to.