CAJ | 학술논문

通过分析当前对“脾主长夏”理论的不同认识，提出“脾主长夏”的本质内涵为：脾是机体在长夏季节起主要调节作用的自稳时间调节系统。脾与胃相表里，脾升胃降实质概括了整个消化系统的功能。通过脾胃纳运相成、升降相因、燥湿相济的协同作用，从而维持机体“应长夏而变”的自稳调节稳态。脾主运化、主升清、喜燥恶湿，为太阴湿土，与长夏湿气相应。胃主受纳、主通降、喜润恶燥，为阳明燥土。在当旺的长夏季节，脾虚而胃强，脾易受湿困而致主运化、主升清等功能都相对低下，胃得湿润炎热之助而致主受纳、腐熟水谷、主通降功能相对增强。长夏季节湿盛而脾虚胃强的功能状态处于支配地位，发挥着对自身脾胃系统及其他四脏重要的调控作用；其他季节脾胃功能则处于从属地位，通过其长养转化之性，协助或抑制其他四脏以维持机体应时而变的调节稳态。长夏季节由于脾弱胃强，机体表现为消化功能增强，吸收功能减弱，易发生脘腹胀满、大便溏薄等消化系统疾病。正确把握“脾主长夏”的本质内涵对认识临床消化系统疾病季节性发作的病理、诊断、预防、养生与治疗，都具有重要的指导意义。
통과분석당전대“비주장하”이론적불동인식，제출“비주장하”적본질내함위：비시궤체재장하계절기주요조절작용적자은시간조절계통。비여위상표리，비승위강실질개괄료정개소화계통적공능。통과비위납운상성、승강상인、조습상제적협동작용，종이유지궤체“응장하이변”적자은조절은태。비주운화、주승청、희조악습，위태음습토，여장하습기상응。위주수납、주통강、희윤악조，위양명조토。재당왕적장하계절，비허이위강，비역수습곤이치주운화、주승청등공능도상대저하，위득습윤염열지조이치주수납、부숙수곡、주통강공능상대증강。장하계절습성이비허위강적공능상태처우지배지위，발휘착대자신비위계통급기타사장중요적조공작용；기타계절비위공능칙처우종속지위，통과기장양전화지성，협조혹억제기타사장이유지궤체응시이변적조절은태。장하계절유우비약위강，궤체표현위소화공능증강，흡수공능감약，역발생완복창만、대편당박등소화계통질병。정학파악“비주장하”적본질내함대인식림상소화계통질병계절성발작적병리、진단、예방、양생여치료，도구유중요적지도의의。
After analyzing current different understandings on the theory of "spleen taking charge of energy of long summer", the author put forward the essential connotation that the spleen is a self-balanced regulation system based on time, and the spleen mainly regulates the body in long summer. The spleen is exteriorly-interiorly related to the stomach. The spleen governs ascending and the stomach governs descending, which actually summarizes the function of the whole digestive system. The spleen and stomach co-keep the self-balanced condition for the body, through the coordination of receiving and transportation, ascending and descending, dryness and dampness. The spleen is respon-sible for transportation and transformation, ascending of the clear, with a preference for dryness and aversion to dampness, which is regarded as Taiyin wet earth, corresponding with dampness in the long summer. The stomach governs receiving and descending, with a preference for moistness and aversion to dryness, which is considered to be the Y angming dry earth. In the long summer, spleen deficiency due to dampness retention may lead to hypo-func-tions of transporting and transforming, ascending of the clear; stomach excess thanks to the help of moistness and heat may lead to relative hyper-functions of receiving and decomposing food, as well as descending. The functional condition of spleen deficiency and stomach excess duo to abundant dampness in the long summer plays a dominant role in regulation on their own system and other four zang-organs; in other seasons, the functions of spleen and stomach are in a subordinate state assisting or inhibiting other four zang-organs, in pace with time, to keep balanced condition for the body, through their characteristics of nourishing and transforming. Due to spleen deficiency and stomach excess in the long summer, manifestations of the body are hyper-function of digestion and hypo-function of absorption, and may easily lead to problems in the digestive system, such as abdominal distension and loose stool. Correct understanding on the essential connotation of "spleen taking charge of energy of long summer" has an impor-tant significance on the pathology, diagnosis, prevention, healthcare and treatment of seasonal attacks in the digestive system.