CAJ | 학술논문

跌倒是老年人意外伤害（包括致死性和非致死性）的首要原因。罹患神经科疾患或其他疾病的患者跌倒的风险增加。一般性的危险因素包括：年龄超过80岁、抑郁、口服药物种类超过4种、肌肉无力、关节炎、步态异常、平衡障碍、认知障碍、视敏度下降等。相关的神经科疾病有卒中、痴呆、帕金森病、周围神经病、深感觉障碍等。在1年内有跌倒病史的患者，再次发生跌倒的风险增加。合适的跌倒风险评估量表和预防方案对防止跌倒是非常关键的。本综述对跌倒的潜在危险因素进行评估，同时对跌倒预防措施的有效性进行全面评价。
질도시노년인의외상해（포괄치사성화비치사성）적수요원인。리환신경과질환혹기타질병적환자질도적풍험증가。일반성적위험인소포괄：년령초과80세、억욱、구복약물충류초과4충、기육무력、관절염、보태이상、평형장애、인지장애、시민도하강등。상관적신경과질병유졸중、치태、파금삼병、주위신경병、심감각장애등。재1년내유질도병사적환자，재차발생질도적풍험증가。합괄적질도풍험평고량표화예방방안대방지질도시비상관건적。본종술대질도적잠재위험인소진행평고，동시대질도예방조시적유효성진행전면평개。
Falls are the leading cause of both fatal and non-fatal unintentional injuries in older people. Patients with neurologic or general conditions were associated with an increased risk of falling. Risk factors for falls include age older than 80 years, depression, use of four or more prescription medications, muscle weakness, arthritis, and impairments in gait, balance, cognition, vision. An increased risk of falls is established among persons with diagnoses of stroke, dementia, and disorders of gait and balance and probable among patients with Parkinson disease, peripheral neuropathy, lower extremity weakness or sensory loss, and substantial vision loss. A history of falling in the past year strongly predicts the likelihood of future falls. A risk-assessment tool and care plan may be an important way of managing the issue. In this review we aimed to focus on assessment of the potential risk factors as well as the effective fall prevention strategies.