CAJ | 학술논문

亚像素质心定位算法被广泛应用于空间飞行器姿态测量、天文观测、空间高精度稳像和空间激光通信等领域。作为空间高精度稳像系统检测模块的导星仪，以至少100帧每秒的高速实时检测导星的抖动量，为振动补偿机构提供补偿信息，这就要求亚像素质心算法在保证高精度的同时具有高速的实时性。为了满足导星仪的需求，本文通过模拟仿真与实验，分析了曝光时间内光斑漂移对亚像素质心定位精度的影响，得出要达到一定的亚像素质心定位精度，能够接受的最大光斑漂移速度；提出一种综合运用高斯曲面拟合、数字相关运算和灰度重心法进行图像预处理、图像分割和亚像素质心定位的改进型灰度质心实时算法，并验证该算法兼顾效率和精度，达到很好的效果。
아상소질심정위산법피엄범응용우공간비행기자태측량、천문관측、공간고정도은상화공간격광통신등영역。작위공간고정도은상계통검측모괴적도성의，이지소100정매초적고속실시검측도성적두동량，위진동보상궤구제공보상신식，저취요구아상소질심산법재보증고정도적동시구유고속적실시성。위료만족도성의적수구，본문통과모의방진여실험，분석료폭광시간내광반표이대아상소질심정위정도적영향，득출요체도일정적아상소질심정위정도，능구접수적최대광반표이속도；제출일충종합운용고사곡면의합、수자상관운산화회도중심법진행도상예처리、도상분할화아상소질심정위적개진형회도질심실시산법，병험증해산법겸고효솔화정도，체도흔호적효과。
Sub-pixel centroid algorithm is widely used in spacecraft attitude measurement, astronomical observations, space precision image stabilization control system, space laser communication and other fields. As the detection module of spatial precision stabilization system, the fine guidance sensor detects the jitter of the guide star at a high speed of 100 frames per second, to provide compensation information for the vibration compensation mechanism. It is required that the algorithm has high accuracy as well as high speed real-time performance. In order to meet the needs of the fine guidance sensor, through simulations and experiments, firstly, analyze the influence of spot drift during exposure time on sub-pixel centroid locating accuracy. In order to obtain certain accuracy, the allowed maximum drift speed of spot must be calculated. Then the author put forward an improved real-time grayscale centroid algorithm, which uses Gaussian surface fitting, digital correlation method and grayscale centroid method in different stages of sub-pixel centroid locating. The simulation and experiment results prove that the method can receive balance between efficiency and accuracy.