CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解东莞地区小儿腹泻的病原体分布及流行特征。方法收集2010年1月至2012年12月腹泻小儿粪便标本4592例，采用胶体金免疫层析法检测轮状病毒（HRV），培养法分离病原菌。结果（1）2103例病原体阳性，阳性率为45．8％，其中 HRV 1778例，细菌264例，真菌42例，HRV合并细菌感染15例，寄生虫4例。（2）腹泻小儿 HRV总阳性率为39．0％，其中男性39．5％，女性38．3％，性别之间阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0．74，P＞0．05）；HRV腹泻主要发生于10～12月，其阳性率高于52．0％，高发年龄为7～36个月。（3）沙门菌和志贺菌是细菌性腹泻中主要致病菌，检出164例，占58．8％（164/279），每年6～8月高发，多见于1～5岁的小儿；（4）条件致病菌性腹泻的病例每年常见，铜绿假单胞菌和变形杆菌为常见的条件致病菌。结论小儿腹泻病原体繁多，HRV腹泻秋冬季最常见，细菌性腹泻夏季最常见。加强腹泻小儿粪便中病原体检测，对临床早诊断、早治疗和预防并发症有重要意义。
목적：료해동완지구소인복사적병원체분포급류행특정。방법수집2010년1월지2012년12월복사소인분편표본4592례，채용효체금면역층석법검측륜상병독（HRV），배양법분리병원균。결과（1）2103례병원체양성，양성솔위45．8％，기중 HRV 1778례，세균264례，진균42례，HRV합병세균감염15례，기생충4례。（2）복사소인 HRV총양성솔위39．0％，기중남성39．5％，녀성38．3％，성별지간양성솔차이무통계학의의（χ2＝0．74，P＞0．05）；HRV복사주요발생우10～12월，기양성솔고우52．0％，고발년령위7～36개월。（3）사문균화지하균시세균성복사중주요치병균，검출164례，점58．8％（164/279），매년6～8월고발，다견우1～5세적소인；（4）조건치병균성복사적병례매년상견，동록가단포균화변형간균위상견적조건치병균。결론소인복사병원체번다，HRV복사추동계최상견，세균성복사하계최상견。가강복사소인분편중병원체검측，대림상조진단、조치료화예방병발증유중요의의。
Objective To explore distribution and epidemic trend of pathogen in children′s diarrhea in Dong-guan area .Methods Stool specimens from 4 596 children with diarrhea were collected from Jan 2010 to Dec 2012 , colloidal gold test and culture were used to detect human rotavirus (HRV ) antigen and pathogenic bacteria . Results (1)2 103 specimens in 4 592 cases were positive (45 .8% ) including HRV 1 778 ,bacteria 264 ,fungi 42 , HRV with bacteria 15 ,parasite 4 .(2)The HRV positive rate was 39 .0% ,male 39 .5% and female 38 .3% .Between the sexes positive rate difference was not significant (χ2 =0 .74 ,P>0 .05) .HRV diarrhea mostly occured from Oct .to Dec .which was all over 52 .0% .Diarrhea happened mostly at the age from 7 months to 36 months old .(3)164 strains of salmonella and shigella were detected in bacteria diarrhea ,occuped 58 .8% (164/279) ,and it mostly happened from June to August and at the age of 1 to 5 years old .(4)Pseudomonas aeruginosa and bacillus proteus were common in conditional pathogenic bacteria ,easily find out every year .Conclusion The pathogen in children with diarrhea is com-plicated .HRV diarrhea is very common in Autumn and Winter ,the peak season of bacteria diarrhea is in summer . Strengthening examination of pathogen in the stool of children with diarrhea is very important to the clinical early di-agnosis ,the immediate cure and the prevention for complications .