CAJ | 학술논문

安全环保、性能优良的耐低温钻井液是保证南极冰层取心钻进的关键技术之一。在深入分析国内外钻井液资料的基础上，根据南极冰层取心钻探的特点及对钻井液的性能要求，从理论上分析了酯类介质的分子结构、分子量、分子间作用力对钻井液粘度和密度的影响规律。对常见的酯类进行了优选，所选择的酯类介质具有安全、环保、可生物降解、相溶性好、低温低粘、粘温系数小等特点。设计了低温条件下钻井液粘度的测试方法。测试了此类介质在不同温度下的粘度与密度，分析了低温条件下粘度与密度的变化规律与变化机理。确定了南极冰层取心钻井液基础介质的选用原则。试验证明，所选定的5种LOFAME酯类单质及其复合物所组成的钻井液，在-60℃条件下，动力粘度仅8.7～15.2 mPa · s，密度为937～942.5 kg/m3，且可根据实际钻进工作需要，随时进行调整。研究确定的钻井液类型与配方，耐温能力及性能指标均满足南极冰层取心钻探的要求。
안전배보、성능우량적내저온찬정액시보증남겁빙층취심찬진적관건기술지일。재심입분석국내외찬정액자료적기출상，근거남겁빙층취심찬탐적특점급대찬정액적성능요구，종이론상분석료지류개질적분자결구、분자량、분자간작용력대찬정액점도화밀도적영향규률。대상견적지류진행료우선，소선택적지류개질구유안전、배보、가생물강해、상용성호、저온저점、점온계수소등특점。설계료저온조건하찬정액점도적측시방법。측시료차류개질재불동온도하적점도여밀도，분석료저온조건하점도여밀도적변화규률여변화궤리。학정료남겁빙층취심찬정액기출개질적선용원칙。시험증명，소선정적5충LOFAME지류단질급기복합물소조성적찬정액，재-60℃조건하，동력점도부8.7～15.2 mPa · s，밀도위937～942.5 kg/m3，차가근거실제찬진공작수요，수시진행조정。연구학정적찬정액류형여배방，내온능력급성능지표균만족남겁빙층취심찬탐적요구。
The low temperature-resistant drilling fluid which is safe, environmently-sound and of high quality is critical for core drilling in ice in the Antarctic.A theoretical study is made on the influence of the molecular structure, molecular weight size, molecular inter-atomic forces of esters on the viscosities and densities of drilling fluids through in-deep investi-gation of information on drilling fluids used in Polar Regions, according to the characteristics of Antarctic ice core drilling and the requirements for the properties of drilling fluids.Common esters are compared to select those esterswith the proper-ties of safety, environmental protection, biodegradablility, good inter miscibility, low temperature resistance and low viscos-ity, low viscosity-temperature coefficient, and etc.The viscosities and densities of the esters are tested at different tempera-tures and the mechanism by which they change with temperatures is examined.The principle of selecting base components for drilling fluids used in the Antarctic ice core drilling is determined.The experimental results show that the 5 selected drilling fluids, including simple esters and their compounds, have dynamic viscosity of 8.7~15.2 mPa· s and density of 937~942.5 kg/m3 at -60 ℃, and their components can be adjusted according to the actual drilling conditions at any time.The resulted drilling fluids can meet the requirements for low-temperature resistance and other properties in terms of its types and components in Antarctic ice core drilling.