中华地方病学杂志
中華地方病學雜誌
중화지방병학잡지
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
2014年
2期
164-166
,共3页
魏生英%鲁青%杨萍%李生梅%姜泓%陈萍%喇翠玲%何多龙%吴海坤
魏生英%魯青%楊萍%李生梅%薑泓%陳萍%喇翠玲%何多龍%吳海坤
위생영%로청%양평%리생매%강홍%진평%나취령%하다룡%오해곤
氟中毒,牙%茶%尿
氟中毒,牙%茶%尿
불중독,아%다%뇨
Fluorosis%Tea%Urine%Epidemic regularity
目的 了解青海省从事不同生产活动人群饮茶型氟中毒流行现状.方法 在青海省随机抽取28个县,每个县分为城镇、农业区、半农半牧业区、牧业区4个区组,每个区组抽取1个乡(如所抽取的县为完全农业县或完全牧业县,则随机抽取一个城镇、3个乡),每个乡(镇)抽取2个行政村(居委会)作为调查点.每个调查点抽取50名16岁以上成人进行氟斑牙及临床氟骨症患病情况检查,并采集尿样;调查16岁以上人群饮茶方式、每日人均饮茶水量及其所在户砖茶消耗量;按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各采集茶水样1份,用于氟含量调查.氟斑牙检测参照《氟斑牙诊断标准》(WS/T 208-2011),采用Dean法;成人临床氟骨症诊断参照《地方性氟骨症诊断标准》(WS 192-1999);氟含量测定采用氟离子选择电极法.结果 共调查16岁以上成人10 343人,氟斑牙检出率24.1％(2 494/10 343);氟骨症检出率11.2％(1 159/10 343).其中城镇、农业区、半农半牧业区、牧业区氟斑牙检出率分别为17.7％(366/2 069)、26.6％(1 005/3 784)、20.7％(330/1 594)、27.4％ (793/2 896);临床氟骨症检出率分别为4.7％(98/2 069)、7.3％ (299/3 784)、9.2％(147/1 594)、21.2％(615/2 896);尿氟含量分别0.9、1.3、1.7、1.9 mg/L.以单纯饮砖茶为主的有8 816人,其中农业区人群所占比例最高,为39.1％(3 443/8 816);以饮奶茶为主的有4 771人,其中牧业区人群所占比例最高,为48.8％(2 326/4 771);以酥油茶为主的有1 624人,其中牧业人群所占比例最高,为50.3％(817/1 624).共调查9 703户居民,每户年砖茶平均消耗量为10.0 kg.共检测1 272份茶水样,茶水氟含量为1.6 mg/L.结论 青海省从事不同生产活动人群饮茶型氟中毒病情较重的为从事牧业生产的人群;从事牧业和半农半牧业生产的人群是青海省氟中毒重点防治人群.
目的 瞭解青海省從事不同生產活動人群飲茶型氟中毒流行現狀.方法 在青海省隨機抽取28箇縣,每箇縣分為城鎮、農業區、半農半牧業區、牧業區4箇區組,每箇區組抽取1箇鄉(如所抽取的縣為完全農業縣或完全牧業縣,則隨機抽取一箇城鎮、3箇鄉),每箇鄉(鎮)抽取2箇行政村(居委會)作為調查點.每箇調查點抽取50名16歲以上成人進行氟斑牙及臨床氟骨癥患病情況檢查,併採集尿樣;調查16歲以上人群飲茶方式、每日人均飲茶水量及其所在戶磚茶消耗量;按東、西、南、北、中5箇方位各採集茶水樣1份,用于氟含量調查.氟斑牙檢測參照《氟斑牙診斷標準》(WS/T 208-2011),採用Dean法;成人臨床氟骨癥診斷參照《地方性氟骨癥診斷標準》(WS 192-1999);氟含量測定採用氟離子選擇電極法.結果 共調查16歲以上成人10 343人,氟斑牙檢齣率24.1％(2 494/10 343);氟骨癥檢齣率11.2％(1 159/10 343).其中城鎮、農業區、半農半牧業區、牧業區氟斑牙檢齣率分彆為17.7％(366/2 069)、26.6％(1 005/3 784)、20.7％(330/1 594)、27.4％ (793/2 896);臨床氟骨癥檢齣率分彆為4.7％(98/2 069)、7.3％ (299/3 784)、9.2％(147/1 594)、21.2％(615/2 896);尿氟含量分彆0.9、1.3、1.7、1.9 mg/L.以單純飲磚茶為主的有8 816人,其中農業區人群所佔比例最高,為39.1％(3 443/8 816);以飲奶茶為主的有4 771人,其中牧業區人群所佔比例最高,為48.8％(2 326/4 771);以酥油茶為主的有1 624人,其中牧業人群所佔比例最高,為50.3％(817/1 624).共調查9 703戶居民,每戶年磚茶平均消耗量為10.0 kg.共檢測1 272份茶水樣,茶水氟含量為1.6 mg/L.結論 青海省從事不同生產活動人群飲茶型氟中毒病情較重的為從事牧業生產的人群;從事牧業和半農半牧業生產的人群是青海省氟中毒重點防治人群.
목적 료해청해성종사불동생산활동인군음다형불중독류행현상.방법 재청해성수궤추취28개현,매개현분위성진、농업구、반농반목업구、목업구4개구조,매개구조추취1개향(여소추취적현위완전농업현혹완전목업현,칙수궤추취일개성진、3개향),매개향(진)추취2개행정촌(거위회)작위조사점.매개조사점추취50명16세이상성인진행불반아급림상불골증환병정황검사,병채집뇨양;조사16세이상인군음다방식、매일인균음다수량급기소재호전다소모량;안동、서、남、북、중5개방위각채집다수양1빈,용우불함량조사.불반아검측삼조《불반아진단표준》(WS/T 208-2011),채용Dean법;성인림상불골증진단삼조《지방성불골증진단표준》(WS 192-1999);불함량측정채용불리자선택전겁법.결과 공조사16세이상성인10 343인,불반아검출솔24.1％(2 494/10 343);불골증검출솔11.2％(1 159/10 343).기중성진、농업구、반농반목업구、목업구불반아검출솔분별위17.7％(366/2 069)、26.6％(1 005/3 784)、20.7％(330/1 594)、27.4％ (793/2 896);림상불골증검출솔분별위4.7％(98/2 069)、7.3％ (299/3 784)、9.2％(147/1 594)、21.2％(615/2 896);뇨불함량분별0.9、1.3、1.7、1.9 mg/L.이단순음전다위주적유8 816인,기중농업구인군소점비례최고,위39.1％(3 443/8 816);이음내다위주적유4 771인,기중목업구인군소점비례최고,위48.8％(2 326/4 771);이소유다위주적유1 624인,기중목업인군소점비례최고,위50.3％(817/1 624).공조사9 703호거민,매호년전다평균소모량위10.0 kg.공검측1 272빈다수양,다수불함량위1.6 mg/L.결론 청해성종사불동생산활동인군음다형불중독병정교중적위종사목업생산적인군;종사목업화반농반목업생산적인군시청해성불중독중점방치인군.
Objective To study the epidemic status of drinking-tea-borne fluorosis in different occupational groups in Qinghai Province.Methods In Qinghai Province,28 counties were randomly selected.According to occupational groups,each county was divided into 4 groups:towns,agricultural areas,semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas and pastoral areas; a township was selected from each group (in case of agricultural county or pastoral county,one town and three townships were randomly selected),and two administrative villages (neighborhood committees) were selected in each township(town) as survey sites.Fifty adults over the age of 16 were selected in each survey site for examination of dental fluorosis and clinical skeletal fluorosis and their urine samples were collected ; the way of tea drinking,the amount of tea drank per capita daily and the household consumption of brick-tea were investigated; tea-water samples in each of the 5 different locations(the east,the west,the south,the north and the center) of the survey sites were collected.Detection of dental fluorosis was based on "Dental Fluorosis Diagnostic Criteria" (WS/T 208-2011),using Dean method; the clinical diagnosis of adult skeletal fluorosis was based on "Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis Diagnostic Criteria" (WS 192-1999); fluorine content was determined by fluoride ion selective electrode.Results Ten thousand and three hundred and thirty four adults over the age of 16 were detected,the detection rates of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis were 24.1％(2 494/10 343) and 11.2％ (1 159/10 343),respectively.The detection rates of dental fluorosis in towns,agricultural areas,semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas and pastoral areas were 17.7％(366/2 069),26.6％(1 005/3 784),20.7％(330/1 594) and 27.4％(793/2 896),respectively; the detection rates of clinical skeletal fluorosis were 4.7％(98/2 069),7.3％ (299/1 159),9.2％(147/1 594) and 21.2％(615/2 896),respectively.Urinary fluoride levels were 0.9,1.3,1.7 and 1.9 mg/L,respectively.Drank brick-tea based people was 8 816,in which the highest proportion was agricultural population,accounted for 39.1％(3 443/8 816); drank milk-tea based people was 4 771,in which the highest proportion was pastoral population,accounted for 48.8％ (2 326/4 771); drank butter-tea based people was 1 624,in which the highest proportion was agricultural population,accounted for 50.3％(817/1 624).A total of 9 703 households were investigated,and the average household annual consumption of brick-tea was 10 kg.A total of 1 272 tea-water samples were tested,and fluoride content was 1.6 mg/L.Conclusions People from pastoral areas are seriously suffering from drinking-tea-borne fluorosis in Qinghai Province; people in pastoral,semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas are key point people concerning the prevention and control of the disease.
