CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]研究水稻控释氮肥在洞庭湖区双季水稻种植体系下的连续施用效应。[方法]在洞庭湖区3种主要类型土壤上进行连续4年的微区试验,试验设不施肥（CK）、尿素、等氮量控释氮肥及70%氮量控释氮肥4个处理。[结果]等氮量控释氮肥的处理所获得的水稻产量最高,在河沙泥、紫潮泥和红黄泥上比尿素处理分别增产10.3%、8.0%和2.4%;70%N量控释氮肥处理分别增产6.1%、2.6%和-0.8%;在3种土壤上早、晚稻及全年平均吸N量均表现为等N量控释氮肥〉70%N量控释氮肥〉尿素〉对照。等N量控释氮肥处理在上述3种土壤上的肥料利用率分别为60.7%、59.6%和56.3%,比尿素处理分别高23.8%、19.4%和16.3%,早稻随施用年份的延长其利用率呈增加趋势,且高于70%N量控释氮肥处理,晚稻连续施用3年时利用率由上升转为下降趋势。[结论]连续施用控释氮肥可缓解土壤氮素肥力和有机碳含量的下降,特别是在河沙泥稻田中。施用控释氮肥有利于水稻增产、氮肥利用率的提高及土壤培肥。
[목적]연구수도공석담비재동정호구쌍계수도충식체계하적련속시용효응。[방법]재동정호구3충주요류형토양상진행련속4년적미구시험,시험설불시비（CK）、뇨소、등담량공석담비급70%담량공석담비4개처리。[결과]등담량공석담비적처리소획득적수도산량최고,재하사니、자조니화홍황니상비뇨소처리분별증산10.3%、8.0%화2.4%;70%N량공석담비처리분별증산6.1%、2.6%화-0.8%;재3충토양상조、만도급전년평균흡N량균표현위등N량공석담비〉70%N량공석담비〉뇨소〉대조。등N량공석담비처리재상술3충토양상적비료이용솔분별위60.7%、59.6%화56.3%,비뇨소처리분별고23.8%、19.4%화16.3%,조도수시용년빈적연장기이용솔정증가추세,차고우70%N량공석담비처리,만도련속시용3년시이용솔유상승전위하강추세。[결론]련속시용공석담비가완해토양담소비력화유궤탄함량적하강,특별시재하사니도전중。시용공석담비유리우수도증산、담비이용솔적제고급토양배비。
[Objective] This study aimed to explore the effects of continuous application of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer under double rice cropping system. [Method] By modeling three types of paddy soils in Dong-Ting Lake area, four treatments as no fertilizer （CK）, urea, controlled release nitrogen fertilizer （CRNF） and 70% controlled release nitrogen fertilizer （70% CRNF） were designed in the micro-plot trials from 2005 to 2008. [Result] The rice yield in treatment CRNF at N 150 kg/hm2 was increased by 10.3%, 8.0% and 2.4% compared with treatment of urea, in alluvial sandy loamy paddy soil （ALS）, purple calcareous clayey paddy soil （PCS）, and reddish yellow loamy paddy soil （RYS）, respectively; and the yield in treatment of 70% CRNF was increased by 6.1%, 2.6% and -0.8%, respectively. The ranking order of nitrogen uptake amount by plant in early rice and late rice was CRNF 70% CRNF urea CK in all three types of soil. Nitrogen utilization efficiency of CRNF in above three types of soil was 60.7%, 59.6% and 56.3%, increased by 23.8%, 19.4% and 16.3% compared with that in treatment of urea, respectively. Nitrogen utilization efficiency of CRNF in early rice was increased year by year, and was higher than that of 70% CRNF during the whole experiment stage, while that in late rice was increased first and then decreased from the 3rd year. [Conclusion] Continuous application CRNF could alleviate the decreasing of soil nitrogen fertility and organic carbon especially in ALS, increase rice yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency in double-rice cropping system.