CAJ | 학술논문

为了监测北京奥运主场馆附近大气颗粒物的污染状况以及评估奥运污染源减排措施对北京大气颗粒物质量浓度变化的影响,利用颗粒物在线监测仪器TEOM于2007年和2008年夏季,在奥运主场馆附近的中国科学院遥感应用研究所办公楼楼顶对大气颗粒物PM10和PM2.5进行了连续同步观测。结果表明,2007年夏季监测点附近大气PM10与PM2.5质量浓度的平均值分别为153.9和71.2μg.m-3,而2008年夏季PM10与PM2.5质量浓度的平均值分别为85.2和52.8μg.m-3。与奥运前一年同时段相比,奥运时段大气PM10和PM2.5的质量浓度分别下降44.5%和25.1%。对比分析奥运前后的2次典型污染过程发现,空气相对湿度的增加和偏南气流输送的共同影响易造成大气颗粒物的累积增长,而降雨的湿清除作用和偏北气流则会使大气颗粒物浓度迅速降低。在相近的气象条件下,奥运前后的污染过程中,大气细粒子的日均增长速率分别为25.1和13.9μg.m-3.d-1,而大气粗粒子的日均增长速率分别为20.8和2.2μg.m-3.d-1,奥运时段污染累积过程中大气粗、细粒子的增长速率分别显著低于和略低于奥运前同时段污染过程中颗粒物的增长速率。污染源减排措施的实施是奥运期间大气颗粒物质量浓度降低的主要原因,从控制效果来看,奥运期间实施的污染源减排措施对大气粗粒子的控制效果明显好于大气细粒子。
위료감측북경오운주장관부근대기과립물적오염상황이급평고오운오염원감배조시대북경대기과립물질량농도변화적영향,이용과립물재선감측의기TEOM우2007년화2008년하계,재오운주장관부근적중국과학원요감응용연구소판공루루정대대기과립물PM10화PM2.5진행료련속동보관측。결과표명,2007년하계감측점부근대기PM10여PM2.5질량농도적평균치분별위153.9화71.2μg.m-3,이2008년하계PM10여PM2.5질량농도적평균치분별위85.2화52.8μg.m-3。여오운전일년동시단상비,오운시단대기PM10화PM2.5적질량농도분별하강44.5%화25.1%。대비분석오운전후적2차전형오염과정발현,공기상대습도적증가화편남기류수송적공동영향역조성대기과립물적루적증장,이강우적습청제작용화편북기류칙회사대기과립물농도신속강저。재상근적기상조건하,오운전후적오염과정중,대기세입자적일균증장속솔분별위25.1화13.9μg.m-3.d-1,이대기조입자적일균증장속솔분별위20.8화2.2μg.m-3.d-1,오운시단오염루적과정중대기조、세입자적증장속솔분별현저저우화략저우오운전동시단오염과정중과립물적증장속솔。오염원감배조시적실시시오운기간대기과립물질량농도강저적주요원인,종공제효과래간,오운기간실시적오염원감배조시대대기조입자적공제효과명현호우대기세입자。
In order to investigate the variation characteristics of atmospheric particle pollution in the Olympic Village and evaluate the effect of pollution control measures on particle matter concentrations,the on-line measurements of particle mass concentration（PM10 and PM2.5） using TEOM were conducted on the rooftop of a six-floor building in the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications,Chinese Academy of Sciences,during both summer of 2007 and 2008.Results show that the average mass concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 during summer of 2007 are 153.9 and 71.2 μg·m-3,while the average mass concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 during summer of 2008 are 85.2 and 52.8 μg·m-3,respectively.Compared with the same period of one year before,the average mass concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 decrease by 44.5% and 25.1%,respectively,during the Olympic Games.Two typical particle pollution processes are selected to compare the variation difference of particle mass concentrations before and during the Olympic Games.The result shows that the relative humidity increasing and air masses transportation from south regions both together easily lead to the increasing of atmospheric particles,whereas the rainfall events and air mass transportation from north regions have a great effect on the scavenging of particle matter.In the similar weather conditions,the daily growth rate of fine particles in pollution accumulation process are 25.1 and 13.9 μg·m-3·d-1,while the daily growth rate of coarse particles are 20.8 and 2.2 μg·m-3·d-1,respectively,before and during Olympic Games.The daily growth rate of coarse and fine particles in pollution process during Olympic Games are significantly and slightly lower than those in pollution process before Olympic Games,which indicates that the implementation of pollution control measures during the Olympic Games has a great effect on the decreasing of particle matter,especially on the reduction of coarse particles.