CAJ | 학술논문

为满足中小型渔船船员饮用水问题，设计了一种利用柴油机尾气废热与太阳能相结合的海水淡化装置。该装置由柴油机、太阳能空气集热器、壳管式海水蒸发器及板式冷凝器组成，利用柴油机废热与太阳能作为热源，废气经蒸发器与海水进行热质交换；同时，太阳能集热器的热空气经曝气管与海水鼓泡增湿，产生的水蒸气由冷凝器凝结为淡水。柴油机废气的排放量、温度和温差对造水量有很大影响，废气的出口温度在150～250℃时，随着温度的增加，造水量逐渐增多，废气的排放温度保持在208℃，海水淡化装置的造水率保持在20 kg/h，能够满足中小型渔船8～10名船员的生活需求。
위만족중소형어선선원음용수문제，설계료일충이용시유궤미기폐열여태양능상결합적해수담화장치。해장치유시유궤、태양능공기집열기、각관식해수증발기급판식냉응기조성，이용시유궤폐열여태양능작위열원，폐기경증발기여해수진행열질교환；동시，태양능집열기적열공기경폭기관여해수고포증습，산생적수증기유냉응기응결위담수。시유궤폐기적배방량、온도화온차대조수량유흔대영향，폐기적출구온도재150～250℃시，수착온도적증가，조수량축점증다，폐기적배방온도보지재208℃，해수담화장치적조수솔보지재20 kg/h，능구만족중소형어선8～10명선원적생활수구。
In order to solve the crews'drinking water problems of the small-and medium-size fishing vessels and improve the quality of drinking water , a sea water desalination unit which works through the combination of diesel engine exhaust heat and solar energy .The unit consists of diesel , solar air collector , shell-and-tube seawater evaporator , plate-type heat exchanger .The primary heat source of this unit is diesel engine waste heat and solar energy .Heat and mass exchange operates between the exhaust gas and seawater though the evaporator, meanwhile the hot air of auxiliary solar collector bubbles and humidifies with seawater though the aeration tube , and then the water vapor produced by the plate heat exchanger condenses into freshwater . Diesel exhaust emissions , temperature and the temperature difference have a great influence on water production capacity .When the temperature of the exhaust gas outlet maintain 150-250 ℃, water production capacity increases gradually along with the increase of the temperature .If the exhaust gas temperature at 208℃is maintained, desalination unit will make water-producing rate continued at 20kg/h, it is able to meet 8 to 10 crews'living needs of the small-and medium-size fishing vessel .