CAJ | 학술논문

为了提高永磁直驱风力发电系统的发电工作性能，针对风速波动范围宽和不确定强的最大功率跟踪（MPPT）控制特点，应用滑模控制理论和扩张状态观测器方法，设计了一种基于最佳叶尖速比（TSR）控制策略的最大功率跟踪自适应积分滑模控制器。控制器采用基于最佳转速跟踪偏差的积分型滑模面函数结构，确保转速跟踪控制稳态无静差。利用扩张状态观测器对风力机实时机械转矩进行估计，以获得转矩扰动上界的估计值。同时引入非线性幂次组合函数和转速跟踪偏差负反馈环节，构造基于状态偏差的滑模变速趋近律，使得切换增益具有随最佳转速跟踪偏差实现自适应调整的特性，并可有效抑制滑模控制输出的抖振。通过与智能PID控制器相比较的仿真实验，验证了该控制器实现最大功率跟踪控制的良好效果，具有较强的鲁棒性和适应性。
위료제고영자직구풍력발전계통적발전공작성능，침대풍속파동범위관화불학정강적최대공솔근종（MPPT）공제특점，응용활모공제이론화확장상태관측기방법，설계료일충기우최가협첨속비（TSR）공제책략적최대공솔근종자괄응적분활모공제기。공제기채용기우최가전속근종편차적적분형활모면함수결구，학보전속근종공제은태무정차。이용확장상태관측기대풍력궤실시궤계전구진행고계，이획득전구우동상계적고계치。동시인입비선성멱차조합함수화전속근종편차부반궤배절，구조기우상태편차적활모변속추근률，사득절환증익구유수최가전속근종편차실현자괄응조정적특성，병가유효억제활모공제수출적두진。통과여지능PID공제기상비교적방진실험，험증료해공제기실현최대공솔근종공제적량호효과，구유교강적로봉성화괄응성。
This paper presents a novel maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control strategy for direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based on wind energy conversion systems (WECS). Considering wind energy’s drastically nonlinear and uncertainty features, the proposed control strategy adopts wind turbine’s optimum tip speed ratio (TSR) tracking algorithm to achieve maximum energy conversion efficiency, and implements an extended state observer (ESO) of the wind turbine aerodynamic torque with an adaptive sliding mode control (SMC) method to realize high tracking performance for the optimum TSR. The integral term in the sliding mode surface function can ensure the TSR tracking control without steady error. The wind turbine aerodynamic torque can be evaluated exactly by the ESO which increases the determinacy of wind power disturbance in MPPT control system. Due to the new reaching-law algorithm designed by power combination function and optimum speed tracking error negative feedback loop, the gain of the switch function is granted the capability of automatic adjust with TSR tracking error, and the chattering amplitude can be progressively damped. Simulation results show that the proposed controller has a better stability, adaptability and robustness compared with that of intelligent PID controller.