技术经济与管理研究
技術經濟與管理研究
기술경제여관리연구
TECHNOECONOMICS & MANAGEMENT RESEARCH
2014年
1期
91-95
,共5页
紧融资约束%信贷配给%企业贷款%金融抑制
緊融資約束%信貸配給%企業貸款%金融抑製
긴융자약속%신대배급%기업대관%금융억제
Tight financing constraint%Credit rationing%Corporate loans%Financial repression
紧融资约束是我国大多数小企业进一步发展所面临的瓶颈问题。其直接原因是信贷配给制下国有银行的自利性歧视，如企业规模歧视、治理结构歧视、所有权歧视、资金需求歧视和交易费用歧视等。其根本原因是我国的金融抑制和金融发展的水平偏低。重要的是，金融抑制往往是金融不发达的重要原因。因此，解决的办法主要有加强信用评价与管理、发展信用担保业、加强对国有银行贷款行为的规制、放松对民间融资的规制和在银行业中引入私人小银行等。其中，第三条措施是根源于国有银行的企业性质的，也是可以立即执行并在短期内见效的解决办法。
緊融資約束是我國大多數小企業進一步髮展所麵臨的瓶頸問題。其直接原因是信貸配給製下國有銀行的自利性歧視，如企業規模歧視、治理結構歧視、所有權歧視、資金需求歧視和交易費用歧視等。其根本原因是我國的金融抑製和金融髮展的水平偏低。重要的是，金融抑製往往是金融不髮達的重要原因。因此，解決的辦法主要有加彊信用評價與管理、髮展信用擔保業、加彊對國有銀行貸款行為的規製、放鬆對民間融資的規製和在銀行業中引入私人小銀行等。其中，第三條措施是根源于國有銀行的企業性質的，也是可以立即執行併在短期內見效的解決辦法。
긴융자약속시아국대다수소기업진일보발전소면림적병경문제。기직접원인시신대배급제하국유은행적자리성기시，여기업규모기시、치리결구기시、소유권기시、자금수구기시화교역비용기시등。기근본원인시아국적금융억제화금융발전적수평편저。중요적시，금융억제왕왕시금융불발체적중요원인。인차，해결적판법주요유가강신용평개여관리、발전신용담보업、가강대국유은행대관행위적규제、방송대민간융자적규제화재은행업중인입사인소은행등。기중，제삼조조시시근원우국유은행적기업성질적，야시가이립즉집행병재단기내견효적해결판법。
Its immediate cause is the state-owned banks' self-interested discrimination under credit rationing, including the scale discrimination, the governance-structure discrimination, the ownership discrimination, the demand-for-fund discrimina-tion, and the transaction-cost discrimination. However, its root cause is the financing repression and low-level financing devel-opment in China. What matters is that the financing repression tends to be the cause of low-level financing development in China. The major solutions include credit audit and management, secured credit, strengthening regulations on the loan-making of the state-owned banks, deregulating underground financing, and allowing private small banks to enter into the banking. The third solution is rooted in the firm nature of the state-owned banks, and can be enforced immediately, and can solve the problem in the short run.
