工业工程
工業工程
공업공정
INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
2014年
1期
144-150
,共7页
于秀丽%张毕西%李逸帆%李弘
于秀麗%張畢西%李逸帆%李弘
우수려%장필서%리일범%리홍
学习效应%异质性%MOS%员工指派
學習效應%異質性%MOS%員工指派
학습효응%이질성%MOS%원공지파
learning effect%heterogeneity%manual operation system ( MOS)%workers'assignment
人工作业系统（ MOS）是我国中小型企业广泛采取的生产作业模式。在MOS中，员工是决定生产效率的关键因素。分析了生产进度受员工技能差异和变化的影响，以最小化完工期为目标，考虑员工学习效应建立员工指派优化模型。通过一个算例对模型效果进行分析，比较了员工学习效应以及员工异质性对完工期和指派策略的影响。得知员工学习、倦怠效应对完工期及指派策略具有显著影响。对员工异质性的关注有助于缩小理论研究与生产实践之间的差距。与生产实践中的两种现实指派模式---基于初始技能的指派和基于学习率的指派进行对比，表明所建立的优化模型有助于缩短完工期、优化员工配置。进一步分析了指派策略对生产批量的敏感性。结果表明，存在一个指派策略的转折点x*，当批量x＜x*时，基于初始技能的指派最优；当x＞x*时，基于学习率的指派最优。
人工作業繫統（ MOS）是我國中小型企業廣汎採取的生產作業模式。在MOS中，員工是決定生產效率的關鍵因素。分析瞭生產進度受員工技能差異和變化的影響，以最小化完工期為目標，攷慮員工學習效應建立員工指派優化模型。通過一箇算例對模型效果進行分析，比較瞭員工學習效應以及員工異質性對完工期和指派策略的影響。得知員工學習、倦怠效應對完工期及指派策略具有顯著影響。對員工異質性的關註有助于縮小理論研究與生產實踐之間的差距。與生產實踐中的兩種現實指派模式---基于初始技能的指派和基于學習率的指派進行對比，錶明所建立的優化模型有助于縮短完工期、優化員工配置。進一步分析瞭指派策略對生產批量的敏感性。結果錶明，存在一箇指派策略的轉摺點x*，噹批量x＜x*時，基于初始技能的指派最優；噹x＞x*時，基于學習率的指派最優。
인공작업계통（ MOS）시아국중소형기업엄범채취적생산작업모식。재MOS중，원공시결정생산효솔적관건인소。분석료생산진도수원공기능차이화변화적영향，이최소화완공기위목표，고필원공학습효응건립원공지파우화모형。통과일개산례대모형효과진행분석，비교료원공학습효응이급원공이질성대완공기화지파책략적영향。득지원공학습、권태효응대완공기급지파책략구유현저영향。대원공이질성적관주유조우축소이론연구여생산실천지간적차거。여생산실천중적량충현실지파모식---기우초시기능적지파화기우학습솔적지파진행대비，표명소건립적우화모형유조우축단완공기、우화원공배치。진일보분석료지파책략대생산비량적민감성。결과표명，존재일개지파책략적전절점x*，당비량x＜x*시，기우초시기능적지파최우；당x＞x*시，기우학습솔적지파최우。
Manual operation system ( MOS) is the general production system mode in the small and medi-um-size manufacturing enterprises .In MOS, workers are the key factors that determine the production ef-fectiveness .Worker assignment problem is studied to reduce the influence of skills difference and change on production schedule .Assignment optimization models are proposed in considering workers'learning effect with completion time as the objective function .The proposed model is verified by a numerical exam-ple .The influence of learning effect and workers'heterogeneity on completion date and assignment strategy is compared .The results show that the workers'learning effect has a significant impact on the completion date and assignment strategy .The attention to workers'heterogeneity helps to narrow the gap between the theory and production practice .Two practical assignment models-assignment based on initial skills and as-signment based on learning effect-are compared .Results show that the established optimization model helps to shorten the completion date and optimize worker's assignment .The influence of production batch on dif-ferent assignment strategy is analyzed .The results show that there is a turning point of assignment strategy x*, when production batch x<x*, assignment strategy based on initial skills is optimal;while production batch x>x*, assignment strategy based on learning effect is optimal .
