华南理工大学学报（自然科学版）
華南理工大學學報（自然科學版）
화남리공대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF SOUTH CHINA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY(NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION)
2014年
2期
33-38
,共6页
聚氨酯%含氟聚氨酯%聚酯多元醇%含氟多异氰酸酯预聚物%透明度%机械性能%耐水性
聚氨酯%含氟聚氨酯%聚酯多元醇%含氟多異氰痠酯預聚物%透明度%機械性能%耐水性
취안지%함불취안지%취지다원순%함불다이청산지예취물%투명도%궤계성능%내수성
polyurethane%fluorinated polyurethane%polyester ployol%fluorinated isocyanate prepolymer%transpa-rency%mechanical property%water resistance
以不同氟碳链长度的二元醇和多异氰酸酯为原料，制备一系列含氟多异氰酸酯预聚物，并使其与自制的无规共聚支链聚酯多元醇反应，制备透明含氟聚氨酯涂层，通过多种分析测试手段对制得的聚氨酯涂层的结构和性能进行表征，并进一步分析了不同氟碳链对涂层性能的影响。结果表明：含氟链段的引入使聚氨酯内部短程有序结构增加，导致聚氨酯的透明度下降，而有序结构增加的程度和氟碳链的长度成反比；氟元素的引入使聚氨酯的机械性能下降，适度的微相分离可以使机械性能下降的程度降低；氟元素的引入可以提高聚氨酯的耐热性能，异氰酸酯中氟碳链越短，聚氨酯的耐热性能越好；含氟聚氨酯内部的氟元素有向表面迁移的趋势，使其表面能得到降低，迁移的程度和聚氨酯中含氟异氰酸酯的结晶程度有关；含氟聚氨酯内部适度的交联和氟元素向表面的迁移使其具有优异的耐水性能。
以不同氟碳鏈長度的二元醇和多異氰痠酯為原料，製備一繫列含氟多異氰痠酯預聚物，併使其與自製的無規共聚支鏈聚酯多元醇反應，製備透明含氟聚氨酯塗層，通過多種分析測試手段對製得的聚氨酯塗層的結構和性能進行錶徵，併進一步分析瞭不同氟碳鏈對塗層性能的影響。結果錶明：含氟鏈段的引入使聚氨酯內部短程有序結構增加，導緻聚氨酯的透明度下降，而有序結構增加的程度和氟碳鏈的長度成反比；氟元素的引入使聚氨酯的機械性能下降，適度的微相分離可以使機械性能下降的程度降低；氟元素的引入可以提高聚氨酯的耐熱性能，異氰痠酯中氟碳鏈越短，聚氨酯的耐熱性能越好；含氟聚氨酯內部的氟元素有嚮錶麵遷移的趨勢，使其錶麵能得到降低，遷移的程度和聚氨酯中含氟異氰痠酯的結晶程度有關；含氟聚氨酯內部適度的交聯和氟元素嚮錶麵的遷移使其具有優異的耐水性能。
이불동불탄련장도적이원순화다이청산지위원료，제비일계렬함불다이청산지예취물，병사기여자제적무규공취지련취지다원순반응，제비투명함불취안지도층，통과다충분석측시수단대제득적취안지도층적결구화성능진행표정，병진일보분석료불동불탄련대도층성능적영향。결과표명：함불련단적인입사취안지내부단정유서결구증가，도치취안지적투명도하강，이유서결구증가적정도화불탄련적장도성반비；불원소적인입사취안지적궤계성능하강，괄도적미상분리가이사궤계성능하강적정도강저；불원소적인입가이제고취안지적내열성능，이청산지중불탄련월단，취안지적내열성능월호；함불취안지내부적불원소유향표면천이적추세，사기표면능득도강저，천이적정도화취안지중함불이청산지적결정정도유관；함불취안지내부괄도적교련화불원소향표면적천이사기구유우이적내수성능。
Polyisocyanate and dihydric alcohols with different fluorocarbon chain lengths were used as raw materials to synthesize a series of fluorinated isocyanate prepolymers,and the prepolymers were then reacted with self-made random copolymerized polyester polyol to prepare transparent fluorinated polyurethane coatings.Afterwards,a variety of analytical methods were used to characterize the structure and properties of the coatings,and the effect of fluorocarbon chains on the coating properties was finally discussed.The results indicate that (1 )the introduction of fluorocarbon chains increases the internal short-range ordered structure in polyurethanes,with an increase degree being inversely proportional to the length of fluorocarbon chains,which leads to a decline of coating transparency;(2)the mechanical properties of polyurethanes degrade with the introduction of fluorocarbon chains,and the degra-dation slows down in the presence of moderate micro-phase separation in fluorinated polyurethanes;(3 )the intro-duction of fluorine improves the thermal resistance of polyurethanes,especially under the condition of shorter fluoro-carbon chains;(4)the fluorine in fluorinated polyurethanes may migrate to the surface and reduces the surface en-ergy,and the migration degree is related to the crystallization degree of fluorinated isocyanate;and (5 )moderate crosslinking and the migration of fluorine may lead to excellent water resistance of fluorinated polyurethanes.
