CAJ | 학술논문

为测定烹饪综合终点成熟值及成熟品质因子的zM值，在选定的不同试验条件下，以猪里脊肉为对象，针对其颜色、气味、口感3种成熟品质，采用感官评价差异检验中的选择法从具有不同成熟值的一系列样品中确定成熟样，对成熟样的成熟值求平均，获得相应的平均终点成熟值，结合专家给予的权重，加权平均得到综合终点成熟值。通过成熟品质因子的zM不同取值，得到各系列的终点成熟值的标准偏差，其值最小时则为合理的zM值。试验结果证实了对特定来源和特定的人群，终点成熟值存在且稳定，原料种类、厚度、形状、初始温度、不同油温和加热介质种类等因素对其影响符合成熟值理论的定义，支持了成熟值理论。A偏红和B偏白的猪里脊肉的综合终点成熟值分别为0.51和0.31 min，成熟品质因子的zM值为10℃。
위측정팽임종합종점성숙치급성숙품질인자적zM치，재선정적불동시험조건하，이저리척육위대상，침대기안색、기미、구감3충성숙품질，채용감관평개차이검험중적선택법종구유불동성숙치적일계렬양품중학정성숙양，대성숙양적성숙치구평균，획득상응적평균종점성숙치，결합전가급여적권중，가권평균득도종합종점성숙치。통과성숙품질인자적zM불동취치，득도각계렬적종점성숙치적표준편차，기치최소시칙위합리적zM치。시험결과증실료대특정래원화특정적인군，종점성숙치존재차은정，원료충류、후도、형상、초시온도、불동유온화가열개질충류등인소대기영향부합성숙치이론적정의，지지료성숙치이론。A편홍화B편백적저리척육적종합종점성숙치분별위0.51화0.31 min，성숙품질인자적zM치위10℃。
The term maturity value (M) can be physically defined as the equivalent heating time (min) that is required for when culinary quality reaches a degree of being cooked properly at a specific reference temperature. The M value is a dynamic function which describes the change of the food quality being fully cooked and characterizes the degree of being fully cooked in cuisine. The termination maturity value (MT) is the M value reached at the time of being fully cooked. “Huohou” can be dynamically defined as the culinary operation minimizing the over-heated value when culinary quality reaches being fully cooked. Theoretic analysis and numerical simulation were studied in previous literature;however, whether the MT value exists or not, or whether its value is steady and merely relates to dynamic parameters and thermal history, has not been verified by experiments until now. As a result, it was necessary to measure MT value and its z value and analyze the influence factors under designed experimental conditions. A method to measure the MT value was established for the selected samples--pork loin. As the judgment of being fully cooked is subjective, sensory evaluation was used in cuisine. Firstly, samples with specific M values determined by the system of data acquisition and analysis on heat transfer and kinetics were prepared under different experimental conditions, i.e. size, shape, initial temperature, temperature and type of heating medium. In addition, a selection method of sensory evaluation difference tests was used to confirm the degree of being fully cooked in samples according to color, odor and texture, respectively. Under these conditions, the corresponding MT of color, odor and texture were regarded as the average M of being fully cooked samples. Based on the color, odor and texture weight given by experts, an integrated MT was acquired by the weighted average. Finally, a set of MT was obtained in the light of a different z value under the same experimental conditions. A corresponding z was the reasonable zM of cuisine being fully cooked when this set of MT standard deviation was minimum. The results indicated that an average IMT of A and B of pork loin were 0.51 and 0.31 min respectively, and MT values were proven to be invariable under different sizes, shapes, initial temperatures, temperatures and type of heating mediums, and could only be determined only by different pork loins. Since the zM value of M represents the sensitive degree of being fully cooked to heating;the lower the zM value, the easier being fully cooked is to be reached. The zM of meat cuisine M value was close to 10℃, which was inferred, approximately, from experimental results and the z value range of protein denaturation. For the same sourced pork lion, center points had different thermal histories and being fully cooked time had the same cooked quality when samples reached the same center MT. The above experimental result has provided evidence for the M value theory. M value is merely related to thermal history and zM;therefore, it can be widely used in cuisines especially suitable for the engineered calculated process of food being fully cooked. The above-mentioned results conformed to the definition of the MT value and the relevant parameters scope. To prove the M value theory thoroughly, much more in-depth and widespread experiments will be required.