农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2014年
12期
200-207
,共8页
张学敏%张永亮%姚宗路%赵立欣%孟海波%田宜水
張學敏%張永亮%姚宗路%趙立訢%孟海波%田宜水
장학민%장영량%요종로%조립흔%맹해파%전의수
生物质%颗粒物%燃料%燃烧器%结构%分布
生物質%顆粒物%燃料%燃燒器%結構%分佈
생물질%과립물%연료%연소기%결구%분포
biomass%particulate matter%fuels%burner%structure%distribution
为摸清不同进料方式的燃烧器对生物质成型燃料燃烧后颗粒物排放的影响，该文对上进料式（A 型）、水平进料式（B型）和下进料式（C型）等3种类型的燃烧器进行燃烧颗粒排放试验，采用低压电子冲击仪对玉米秸秆、棉秆、木质3种成型燃料燃烧后颗粒物排放开展数量浓度和质量浓度研究，并计算出每种燃料在3种燃烧器中每秒排放的颗粒物数量和质量分布。试验结果表明：3种燃烧器中的颗粒物质量分布都成双峰分布，主要集中在5～7级和12级，占总颗粒物质量的90%；木质和棉杆燃料在A型燃烧器中的颗粒物质量排放最少，玉米秸秆燃料在B型中颗粒物质量最少。3种燃烧器中的颗粒物数量分布都成单峰分布玉米秸秆和木质在B型燃烧器上的颗粒物数量主要集中在1～5级，在A型和C型燃烧器上颗粒物数量主要集中在3～6级；棉杆在C型燃烧器上集中在1～5级，在A型和B型燃烧器上颗粒物数量主要集中在3～6级。3种燃烧器对颗粒物质量的分布影响不大。根据试验结果，建议不同的燃料匹配不同的燃烧器。从颗粒物排放总量角度，玉米秸秆应该匹配B型燃烧器，棉杆和木质燃料应该匹配A型燃烧器。从PM2.5所占比例得出，玉米秸秆燃料应匹配C型燃烧器，棉杆匹配 B 型燃烧器，木质匹配 A 型燃烧器。并建议生物质成型燃料燃烧器结构应具有以下特点：进料连续平稳；带有主动清渣装置并且清渣波动小；鼓风配风，保证过量空气系数高。研究结果为中国生物质固体成型燃料的颗粒物排放法规的制定提供参考。
為摸清不同進料方式的燃燒器對生物質成型燃料燃燒後顆粒物排放的影響，該文對上進料式（A 型）、水平進料式（B型）和下進料式（C型）等3種類型的燃燒器進行燃燒顆粒排放試驗，採用低壓電子遲擊儀對玉米秸稈、棉稈、木質3種成型燃料燃燒後顆粒物排放開展數量濃度和質量濃度研究，併計算齣每種燃料在3種燃燒器中每秒排放的顆粒物數量和質量分佈。試驗結果錶明：3種燃燒器中的顆粒物質量分佈都成雙峰分佈，主要集中在5～7級和12級，佔總顆粒物質量的90%；木質和棉桿燃料在A型燃燒器中的顆粒物質量排放最少，玉米秸稈燃料在B型中顆粒物質量最少。3種燃燒器中的顆粒物數量分佈都成單峰分佈玉米秸稈和木質在B型燃燒器上的顆粒物數量主要集中在1～5級，在A型和C型燃燒器上顆粒物數量主要集中在3～6級；棉桿在C型燃燒器上集中在1～5級，在A型和B型燃燒器上顆粒物數量主要集中在3～6級。3種燃燒器對顆粒物質量的分佈影響不大。根據試驗結果，建議不同的燃料匹配不同的燃燒器。從顆粒物排放總量角度，玉米秸稈應該匹配B型燃燒器，棉桿和木質燃料應該匹配A型燃燒器。從PM2.5所佔比例得齣，玉米秸稈燃料應匹配C型燃燒器，棉桿匹配 B 型燃燒器，木質匹配 A 型燃燒器。併建議生物質成型燃料燃燒器結構應具有以下特點：進料連續平穩；帶有主動清渣裝置併且清渣波動小；鼓風配風，保證過量空氣繫數高。研究結果為中國生物質固體成型燃料的顆粒物排放法規的製定提供參攷。
위모청불동진료방식적연소기대생물질성형연료연소후과립물배방적영향，해문대상진료식（A 형）、수평진료식（B형）화하진료식（C형）등3충류형적연소기진행연소과립배방시험，채용저압전자충격의대옥미갈간、면간、목질3충성형연료연소후과립물배방개전수량농도화질량농도연구，병계산출매충연료재3충연소기중매초배방적과립물수량화질량분포。시험결과표명：3충연소기중적과립물질량분포도성쌍봉분포，주요집중재5～7급화12급，점총과립물질량적90%；목질화면간연료재A형연소기중적과립물질량배방최소，옥미갈간연료재B형중과립물질량최소。3충연소기중적과립물수량분포도성단봉분포옥미갈간화목질재B형연소기상적과립물수량주요집중재1～5급，재A형화C형연소기상과립물수량주요집중재3～6급；면간재C형연소기상집중재1～5급，재A형화B형연소기상과립물수량주요집중재3～6급。3충연소기대과립물질량적분포영향불대。근거시험결과，건의불동적연료필배불동적연소기。종과립물배방총량각도，옥미갈간응해필배B형연소기，면간화목질연료응해필배A형연소기。종PM2.5소점비례득출，옥미갈간연료응필배C형연소기，면간필배 B 형연소기，목질필배 A 형연소기。병건의생물질성형연료연소기결구응구유이하특점：진료련속평은；대유주동청사장치병차청사파동소；고풍배풍，보증과량공기계수고。연구결과위중국생물질고체성형연료적과립물배방법규적제정제공삼고。
Different structure and the different feeding mode burners affect the emission and the combustion efficiency of various biomass solid fuels. However, how the burner structure and feeding mode impact on the particle emissions is not clearly understood. To investigate this, an experiment was conducted to evaluate gas emissions from three types of feeders:the upper feeding type burner (type A), the horizontal feeding type burner (type B) and the bottom feeding type burner (type C), and types of solid biomass fuels:corn straw, cotton stalks and wood compressed into a cylindrical type (diameter, 8 mm, length, 10-30 mm) burned respectively at maximum power on each type of burner. The gas composition emitted was determined using SEMTECH (Sensors, U.S.) for the number and concentration of particulate from the three kinds of biomass solid fuel burned respectively from three burners via Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI). The particle size was catalogued into 12 classes, ranging from 0.003-10μm. The number of particle size emitted and their corresponding mass distribution per second from the three burners were calculated. The experimental results showed that particle mass distribution from the three burners had two peaks respectively in the 5-7 (>0.165-0.637μm) and 12 (>3.970-10.150μm) levels accounting for the total particulate mass of 90%. For corn straw pellets in A, B, C type of burner combustion, PM 2.5 (PM below grade 10) accounted 68.5%, 70%, 51%for PM10 of particulate mass, respectively, in contrast to the cotton stalks pellets, which accounted 74.2%, 66.9%, 76.7% for PM10 of particulate mass. For wood pellets combustion in the three burners, on the other hand, PM2.5 accounted 61.8%, 67.8%, 68.1%for PM10 of particulate mass. As compared to the particle mass distribution, the number of particles distributed in three burners only had one peak. The most particulate numbers of corn straw and wood were in the 1-5 level in the type B burner, but in the 3-6 level in the type A and type C burner. The particle numbers of cotton straw was mainly in the 1-5 level in the type C burner, and in the 3-6 level in the type A and type B burner. Three kinds of burners had little influence on the distribution of the particle mass. The test results suggested that agriculture residues used as fuels needed to be burner specific. From the point of view of the total emissions of particulate matter, corn straw should be matched with the type B burner, cotton stalk and wood fuel should be matched with the type A burner. From the aspect of proportion of PM2.5 emission, corn straw fuel should be matched with the type C burner, cotton stalk should be matched with the type B burner, wood should be matched with the type A burner. In addition, the structure of biomass solid fuel burner may have following characteristics:Continuous feeding smoothly;equipped with active slag cleaning device and small slag wave; pressured air flow to ensure the high air ratio. The research provided reference for particulate emission regulations of biomass solid fuel of China.
