CAJ | 학술논문

重离子碰撞实验分析及相关理论研究认为高密度非对称核物质可能具有较软的物态方程；在约2～3倍饱和核密度下超子等奇异物质的出现也可能会使物态方程变软。然而，软物态方程却无法支持大质量中子星。脉冲星PSR J1614-2230具有大质量(1.97±0.04)M⊙的观测发现使这一矛盾变得尤为突出。为了解决该矛盾，人们提出了各种可能的物理机制：包括考虑修正的引力理论、修改描述高密度物质物态的理论模型等。在概述和讨论这些能使软物态方程支持大质量中子星的可能物理机制的基础上，还计算和讨论了强电场、强磁场对中子星最大质量的影响，发现强电磁场可以有效地增大中子星的最大质量。
중리자팽당실험분석급상관이론연구인위고밀도비대칭핵물질가능구유교연적물태방정；재약2～3배포화핵밀도하초자등기이물질적출현야가능회사물태방정변연。연이，연물태방정각무법지지대질량중자성。맥충성PSR J1614-2230구유대질량(1.97±0.04)M⊙적관측발현사저일모순변득우위돌출。위료해결해모순，인문제출료각충가능적물리궤제：포괄고필수정적인력이론、수개묘술고밀도물질물태적이론모형등。재개술화토론저사능사연물태방정지지대질량중자성적가능물리궤제적기출상，환계산화토론료강전장、강자장대중자성최대질량적영향，발현강전자장가이유효지증대중자성적최대질량。
The analysis of the laboratory data from the heavy-ion collisions and the correlated theoretical research prefer a soft equation of state (EOS) for the unsymmetric dense matters;and the presence of hyperons at density exceeding 2～3 times of normal nuclear density ρ0 also may soften the EOS of the dense matters. But a soft EOS cannot support a massive neutron star. After the observation of pulsar PSR J1614-2230 with a mass of (1.97 ± 0.04) M⊙, we have to face this intractable contradiction. In order to solve this contradiction, people have proposed several possible mechanisms, including the modified gravity theory, the modified models for the description of the dense matters and so on. This paper has reviewed these mechanisms. In addition, we also calculated and discussed the effect of the strong electromagnetic field on the maximum mass of the neutron stars. It is found that the strong electromagnetic field can increase the maximum mass of the neutron stars efficaciously.